Heterocyclic Compounds Useful In The Treatment Of Disease

ABSTRACT

A method for treating a lysophosphatidic acid-dependent disease or condition in a subject in need thereof is provided. The method includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a heterocyclic compound. The heterocyclic compound is a lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligand. Lysophosphatidic acid-dependent diseases and conditions include diseases involving fibrosis, such as fibrosis of the heart, kidney, liver and lung, and scleroderma; inflammatory diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and inflammatory bowel disease; ocular diseases such as diseases involving retinal degeneration; nerve diseases such as pruritus and pain.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/776,954, filed on Sep. 15, 2015, which is a a 371 National Phase ofPCT/US2014/030712, filed on Mar. 17, 2014, which claims the benefit ofU.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/801,426, filed Mar. 15,2013, U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/801,231, filedMar. 15, 2013, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/827,409, filed May 24, 2013, the entire contents of all of which arehereby incorporated by reference herein.

STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT INTEREST

This invention was made with government support under Grants DK092005and CA174019 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The USgovernment has certain rights in the invention.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to compounds having pharmacologicalactivity, to processes for preparation of such compounds, topharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in therapyand prophylaxis of disease in a subject in need thereof, in particularfor human and veterinarian treatments of pain, pruritus, cancer,inflammation and fibrotic diseases.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Lysophospholipids affect fundamental cellular functions that includeproliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, adhesion, invasion,and morphogensis. Abnormal functions influence many biological processesleading to disease that include, but are not limited to fibroticdisease, inflammation, cancer and peripheral nerve injury.Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that has been shown toact through specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in an autocrineand paracrine fashion. Antagonists of the LPA receptors find use in thetreatment of diseases, disorders or conditions in which LPA plays arole.

Agents that interact with the lysophosphatidic acid receptors [LPARs] toreduce signal transduction through those receptors (i.e., by competitiveor noncompetitive inhibition or acting as inverse agonists) reducemanifestations of the diseases described herein. Diseases and conditionswhose etiology, progression or persistence is effected by in whole or inpart by signaling through the lysophosphatidic acid receptor subtype 1(LPA1R) are considered LPA-dependent. New agents having therapeuticutility for treating those LPA-dependent and other conditions anddiseases described herein are needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Disclosed herein are compounds that inhibit the physiological activityof lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and therefore, are useful as agents forthe treatment or prevention of diseases in which inhibition of thephysiological activity of LPA is useful.

In one aspect, those compounds are useful for the treatment of fibrosisof organs (e.g., liver, kidney, lung, heart and the like), liverdiseases (e.g., acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis,liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, regenerative failure, nonalcoholicsteatohepatitis (NASH), liver hypofunction, hepatic blood flow disorder,and the like), cell proliferative disease such as cancers (including butnot limited to solid tumor, solid tumor metastasis, vascular fibroma,myeloma, multiple myeloma, Kaposi's sarcoma, leukemia, chroniclymphocytic leukemia (CLL), invasive metastasis of cancer cell, and thelike), inflammatory diseases (including but not limited to psoriasis,nephropathy, pneumonia and the like), gastrointestinal tract disease(including but not limited to (irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), abnormal pancreatic secretion, and thelike), renal disease, urinary tract-associated disease (including butnot limited to benign prostatic hyperplasia or symptoms associated withneuropathic bladder disease, spinal cord tumor, hernia of intervertebraldisk, spinal canal stenosis, symptoms derived from diabetes, lowerurinary tract disease (including but not limited to obstruction of lowerurinary tract, and the like), inflammatory disease of lower urinarytract, (including but not limited to dysuria, frequent urination, andthe like), pancreas disease, abnormal angiogenesis-associated disease(including but not limited to arterial obstruction and the like),scleroderma, brain-associated disease (including but not limited tocerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and the like), nervous systemdiseases (including but not limited to neuropathic pain, peripheralneuropathy, pruritus and the like), ocular disease (including but notlimited to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy,proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR), cicatricial pemphigoid, glaucomafiltration surgery scarring, and the like).

The compounds of the invention include compounds of Formula I that havethe structure:

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

L¹ is absent or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, optionallysubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, optionally substituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, or —UV—Z—,wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—,—N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W isoptionally substituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or optionally substituted C₃-C₆cycloalkylene or W is —C(R^(L))₂—, Z is optionally substituted C₁-C₆alkylene, optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene or C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—; and n is 0, 1, or 2;

L² is absent, or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, optionallysubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, optionallysubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—, —S(═O)₂—,—N(R^(B))—, —C(═O)—, or —C(═O)N(R^(B))—;

wherein R^(B) is —H or -optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl, or has thestructure of one of:

Ring A is a 5 or 6 membered heteroarene having the structure of one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B;

wherein one of R^(C) and R^(D) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,

and the other R^(C) or R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)—N(R^(F))—CH(R^(G))X—CY, or —C(═O)—N(R^(F))—C(R^(G))₂X—CY, whereinX is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkylne andis taken together with CY and the the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CYis attached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

CY is optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, optionallysubstituted aryl, or optionally substituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY issubstituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H),

wherein each R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH,—OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J),—S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J), —C(═O)OR^(J), —OC═O)OR^(J),—N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, or C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

wherein each R^(J) is independently optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, optionallysubstituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionallysubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl),—C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(optionally substituted heteroaryl), and

wherein R^(L) is independently —H, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, optionallysubstituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionallysubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl),—C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(optionally substituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W is —C(R^(L))₂—, or Z is —C(R^(L))₂— each R^(L) isindependently —H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently areC₁-C₆ alkyl which are taken together with the carbon atom to which theyare attached to define a carbocycle;

Ring B is a optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, optionallysubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted arylene,or optionally substituted heteroarylene, wherein if ring B issubstituted then ring B is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined; and

Ring C is absent or optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene,optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, optionallysubstituted arylene, or optionally substituted heteroarylene, where ifring C is substituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3independently selected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined;

wherein when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, Ring C isabsent, L² is absent, L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))—C(═O)—,wherein RF is —H, R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is—O—, R^(G) is —CH₃ and RF is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,

or when Ring B is optionally substituted arylene and Ring C issubstituted or unsubstituted arylene or is substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, or Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene and Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, L² isabsent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene,

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B),

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

and when Ring B is C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted arylene, L² is absent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(C) is —CH₃and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B), then Ring A has the structure of oneof:

Other compounds of the invention have the structures indicated by thenumbered embodiment and claims herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions

As used herein and unless otherwise stated or implied by context, termsthat are used herein have the meanings defined below. Unless otherwisecontraindicated or implied, e.g., by including mutually exclusiveelements or options, in these definitions and throughout thisspecification, the terms “a” and “an” mean one or more and the term “or”means and/or where permitted by context. Thus, as used in thespecification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and“the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictatesotherwise.

At various locations in the present disclosure, e.g., in any disclosedembodiments or in the claims, reference is made to compounds,compositions, or methods that “comprise” one or more specifiedcomponents, elements or steps. Invention embodiments also specificallyinclude those compounds, compositions, compositions or methods that areor that consist of or that consist essentially of those specifiedcomponents, elements or steps. The terms “comprising”, “consist of” and“consist essentially of” have their normally accepted meanings underU.S. patent law unless otherwise specifically stated. The term“comprised of” is used interchangeably with the term “comprising” andare stated as equivalent terms. For example, disclosed compositions,devices, articles of manufacture or methods that “comprise” a componentor step are open and they include or read on those compositions ormethods plus an additional component(s) or step(s). Similarly, disclosedcompositions, devices, articles of manufacture or methods that “consistof” a component or step are closed and they would not include or read onthose compositions or methods having appreciable amounts of anadditional component(s) or an additional step(s). Furthermore, use ofthe term “including” as well as other forms, such as “include”,“includes,” and “included,” is not limiting. The section headings usedherein are for organizational purposes only and are not to be construedas limiting the subject matter described. Unless otherwise indicated,conventional methods of mass spectroscopy, NMR, HPLC, protein chemistry,biochemistry, recombinant DNA techniques and pharmacology are employed.

“Bond” or “single bond” as used herein means a chemical bond between twoatoms, or two moieties when the atoms joined by the bond are consideredto be part of larger substructure. As explicitly stated or implied bycontext, when a group described herein is a bond, the referenced groupis absent thereby allowing a bond to be formed between the remainingidentified groups.

“Membered ring” as used herein means any cyclic structure. The term“membered” is meant to denote the number of skeletal atoms thatconstitute the ring. Thus, by way of example and not limitation, thosemembered rings include cyclohexyl, pyridinyl, pyranyl and thiopyranyl,which are 6-membered rings and cyclopentyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl, andthienyl, which are 5-membered rings.

“Moiety” as used herein means a specific segment, fragment or functionalgroup of a molecule or compound. Chemical moieties are sometimesindicated as chemical entities that are embedded in or appended (i.e., asubstituent or variable group) to a molecule or compound.

“Alkyl” as used herein is a collection of carbon atoms that arecovalently linked together in normal, secondary, tertiary or cyclicarrangements, i.e., in a linear, branched, cyclic arrangement or somecombination thereof. An alkyl substituent to a structure is that chainof carbon atoms that is covalently attached to the structure through asp³ carbon of the substituent. The alkyl substituents, as used herein,contains one or more saturated moieties or groups and may additionallycontain unsaturated alkyl moieties or groups, i.e., the substituent maycomprise one, two, three or more independently selected double bonds ortriple bonds of a combination thereof, typically one double or onetriple bond if such unsaturated alkyl moieties or groups are present.

Unsaturated alkyl moieties or groups include moieties or groups asdescribed below for alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl moieties.Saturated alkyl moieties contain saturated carbon atoms (sp³) and noaromatic, sp² or sp carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms in an alkylmoiety or group can vary and typically is 1 to about 50, e.g., about1-30 or about 1-20, unless otherwise specified, e.g., C₁₋₈ alkyl orC1-C8 alkyl means an alkyl moiety containing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8carbon atoms and C₁₋₆ alkyl or C1-C6 means an alkyl moiety containing 1,2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.

When an alkyl substituent, moiety or group is specified, species mayinclude methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl (n-propyl), 2-propyl (iso-propyl,—CH(CH₃)₂), 1-butyl (n-butyl), 2-methyl-1-propyl (iso-butyl,—CH₂CH(CH₃)₂), 2-butyl (sec-butyl, —CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃), 2-methyl-2-propyl(t-butyl, —C(CH₃)₃), amyl, isoamyl, sec-amyl and other linear, cyclicand branch chain alkyl moieties. Unless otherwise specified, alkylgroups can contain species and groups described below for cycloalkyl,alkenyl, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, arylalkyl groups, alkylaryl groupsand the like.

Cycloalkyl as used here is a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ringsystem composed of only carbon atoms. The term “cycloalkyl” encompassesa monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic, non-aromatic radical, wherein eachof the atoms forming the ring (i.e. skeletal atoms) is a carbon atom.The number of carbon atoms in an cycloalkyl substituent, moiety or groupcan vary and typically is 3 to about 50, e.g., about 1-30 or about 1-20,unless otherwise specified, e.g., C₃₋₈ alkyl or C₃-C₈ alkyl means ancycloalkyl substituent, moiety or group containing 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8carbon atoms and C₃₋₆ alkyl or C₃-C₆ means an cycloalkyl substituent,moiety or group containing 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms. Cycloalkylsubstituents, moieties or groups will typically have 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms and maycontain exo or endo-cyclic double bonds or endo-cyclic triple bonds or acombination of both wherein the endo-cyclic double or triple bonds, orthe combination of both, do not form a cyclic conjugated system of 4n+2electrons; wherein the bicyclic ring system may share one (i.e., spiroring system) or two carbon atoms and the tricyclic ring system may sharea total of 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, typically 2 or 3.

Unless otherwise specified, cycloalkyl substituents, moieties or groupscan contain moieties and groups described for alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl,arylalkyl, alkylaryl and the like and can contain one or more othercycloalkyl moieties. Thus, cycloalkyls may be saturated, or partiallyunsaturated. Cycloalkyls may be fused with an aromatic ring, and thepoints of attachment to the aromatic ring are at a carbon or carbons ofthe cycloalkyl substituent, moiety or group that is not an aromatic ringcarbon atom. Cycloalkyl groups include groups having from 3 to 10 ringatoms. Cycloalkyl substituents, moieties or groups include cyclopropyl,cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantly or other cyclic all carbon containingmoieties. Cycloalkyls further include cyclobutyl, cyclopentenyl,cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl. Cycloalkyl groups may besubstituted or unsubstituted. Depending on the substituent structure, acycloalkyl substituent can be a monoradical or a diradical (i.e., ancycloalkylene, such as, but not limited to, cyclopropan-1,1-diyl,cyclobutan-1,1-diyl, cyclopentan-1,1-diyl, cyclohexan-1,1-diyl,cyclohexan-1,4-diyl, cycloheptan-1,1-diyl, and the like). Whencycloalkyl is used as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent) thecycloalkyl is attached to a Markush formula with which it is associatedthrough a carbon involved in a cyclic carbon ring system carbon of thecycloalkyl group that is not an aromatic carbon.

“Alkylamine” as used herein means an —N(alkyl)_(x)H_(y) group, moiety orsubstituent where x and y are independently selected from the group x=1,y=1 and x=2, y=O. Alkylamine includes those —N(alkyl)_(x)H_(y) groupswherein x=2 and y=0 and the alkyl groups taken together with thenitrogen atom to which they are attached form a cyclic ring system.

“Heteroalkylene” as used herein means an alkylene (i.e. alkanediyl)group, moiety or substituent in which one or more skeletal atoms of thealkyl are selected from an atom other than carbon, e.g., oxygen,nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or combinations thereof. Heteroalkyleneincludes C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene or C₁-C₄ heteroalkylene. Exemplaryheteroalkylenes include, but are not limited to, —OCH₂—, —OCH(CH₃)—,—OC(CH₃)₂—, —OCH₂CH₂—, —CH₂O—, —CH(CH₃)O—, C(CH₃)₂O—, —CH₂CH₂O—,—CH₂OCH₂—, —CH₂OCH₂CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂OCH₂—, —SCH₂—, —SCH(CH₃)—, —SC(CH₃)₂—,—SCH₂CH₂—, —CH₂S—, —CH(CH₃)S—, —C(CH₃)₂S—, —CH₂CH₂S—, —CH₂SCH₂—,—CH₂SCH₂CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂SCH₂—, —S(═O)₂CH₂—, —S(═O)₂CH(CH₃)—,—S(═O)₂C(CH₃)₂—, —S(═O)₂CH₂CH₂—, —CH₂S(═O)₂—, —CH(CH₃)S(═O)₂—,—C(CH₃)₂S(═O)₂—, —CH₂CH₂S(═O)₂—, —CH₂S(═O)₂CH₂—, —CH₂S(═O)₂CH₂CH₂—,CH₂CH₂S(═O)₂CH₂—, —NHCH₂—, —NHCH(CH₃)—, —NHC(CH₃)₂—, —NHCH₂CH₂—,—CH₂NH—, —CH(CH₃)NH—, —C(CH₃)₂NH—, —CH₂CH₂NH—, —CH₂NHCH₂—,—CH₂NHCH₂CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂—, and the like.

“Carboxylic acid bioisostere” as used herein means a functional group,moiety or substituent that exhibits similar physical, biological and/orchemical properties as a carboxylic acid moiety. By way of example andnot limitation, carboxylic acid bioisosteres include,

“Alkenyl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or group thatcomprises one or more double bond moities (e.g., —CH═CH—) or 1, 2, 3, 4,5 or 6 or more, typically 1, 2 or 3 such moieties and can include anaryl moiety or group such as benzene, and additionally comprises linkednormal, secondary, tertiary or cyclic carbon atoms, i.e., linear,branched, cyclic or any combination thereof unless the alkenyl moiety isa vinyl moiety (e.g., —CH═CH₂). An alkenyl moiety, group or substituentwith multiple double bonds may have the double bonds arrangedcontiguously (i.e. a 1,3 butadienyl moiety) or non-contiguously with oneor more intervening saturated carbon atoms or a combination thereof,provided that a cyclic, contiguous arrangement of double bonds do notform a cyclically conjugated system of 4n+2 electrons (i.e., aromatic).The number of carbon atoms in an alkenyl group or moiety can vary andtypically is 2 to about 50, e.g., about 2-30 or about 2-20, unlessotherwise specified, e.g., C₂₋₈ alkenyl or C₂₋₈ alkenyl means an alkenylmoiety containing 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms and C₂₋₆ alkenyl orC₂₋₆ alkenyl means an alkenyl moiety containing 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbonatoms. Alkenyl moieties or groups will typically have 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbon atoms.

When an alkenyl moiety, group or substituent is specified, speciesinclude, by way of example and not limitation, any of the alkyl orcycloalkyl, groups moieties or substituents described herein that hasone or more double bonds, methylene (═CH₂), methylmethylene (═CH—CH₃),ethylmethylene (═CH—CH₂—CH₃), ═CH—CH₂—CH₂—CH₃, vinyl (—CH═CH₂), allyl,1-methylvinyl, butenyl, iso-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-pentenyl,cyclopentenyl, 1-methyl-cyclopentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl,cyclohexenyl and other linear, cyclic and branched chained all carboncontaining moieties containing at least one double bond. When alkenyl isused as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent) the alkenyl is attached toa Markush formula with which it is associated through an unsaturatedcarbon of a double bond of the alkenyl moiety or group unless specifiedotherwise.

“Alkynyl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or group thatcomprises one or more triple bond moieties (i.e., —C≡C—), e.g., 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 or more, typically 1 or 2 triple bonds, optionally comprising 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more double bonds, with the remaining bonds (ifpresent) being single bonds and comprising linked normal, secondary,tertiary or cyclic carbon atoms, i.e., linear, branched, cyclic or anycombination thereof, unless the alkynyl moiety is ethynyl. The number ofcarbon atoms in an alkenyl moiety or group can vary and typically is 2to about 50, e.g., about 2-30 or about 2-20, unless otherwise specified,e.g., C₂₋₈ alkynyl or C2-8 alkynyl means an alkynyl moiety containing 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms. Alkynyl groups will typically have 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 carbonatoms.

When an alkynyl moiety or group is specified, species include, by way ofexample and not limitation, any of the alkyl moieties, groups orsubstituents described herein that has one or more double bonds,ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, iso-butynyl, 3-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-pentynyl,cyclopentynyl, 1-methyl-cyclopentynyl, 1-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl,cyclohexynyl and other linear, cyclic and branched chained all carboncontaining moieties containing at least one triple bond. When an alkynylis used as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent) the alkynyl is attachedto a Markush formula with which it is associated through one of theunsaturated carbons of the alkynyl functional group.

“Aromatic” as used herein refers to a planar ring having a delocalizedpi-electron system containing 4n+2 pi electrons, where n is a positiveinteger. Aromatic rings can be formed from five, six, seven, eight,nine, ten, or more than ten atoms. Aromatics are optionally substituted.The term “aromatic” includes both carboxylic aryl (“aryl”, e.g., phenyl)and heterocyclic aryl (or “heteroaryl” or “heteroaromatic”) groups(e.g., pyridine). The term includes monocyclic or fused-ring polycyclic(i.e., rings which share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) groups.

“Aryl” as used here means an aromatic ring system or a fused ring systemwith no ring heteroatoms comprising 1, 2, 3 or 4 to 6 rings, typically 1to 3 rings, wherein the rings are composed of only carbon atoms; andrefers to a cyclically conjugated system of 4n+2 electrons (Huckelrule), typically 6, 10 or 14 electrons some of which may additionallyparticipate in exocyclic conjugation (cross-conjugated (e.g., quinone).Aryl substituents, moieties or groups are typically formed by five, six,seven, eight, nine, or more than nine, carbon atoms. Aryl substituents,moieties or groups are optionally substituted. Exemplary aryls includeC₆-C₁₀ aryls such as phenyl and naphthalenyl and phenanthryl. Dependingon the structure, an aryl group can be a monoradical or a diradical(i.e., an arylene group). Exemplary arylenes include, but are notlimited to, phenyl-1,2-ene, phenyl-1,3-ene, and phenyl-1,4-ene. Whenaryl is used as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent) the aryl isattached to a Markush formula with which it is associated through anaromatic carbon of the aryl group.

“Arylalkyl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or group where anaryl moiety is bonded to an alkyl moiety, i.e., -alkyl-aryl, where alkyland aryl groups are as described above, e.g., —CH₂—C₆H₅ or—CH₂CH(CH₃)—C₆H₅. When arylalkyl is used as a Markush group (i.e., asubstituent) the alkyl moiety of the arylalkyl is attached to a Markushformula with which it is associated through a sp³ carbon of the alkylmoiety.

“Alkylaryl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or group where analkyl moiety is bonded to an aryl moiety, i.e., -aryl-alkyl, where aryland alkyl groups are as described above, e.g., —C₆H₄—CH₃ or—C₆H₄—CH₂CH(CH₃). When alkylaryl is used as a Markush group (i.e., asubstituent) the aryl moiety of the alkylaryl is attached to a Markushformula with which it is associated through a sp² carbon of the arylmoiety.

“Substituted alkyl”, “substituted cycloalkyl”, “substituted alkenyl”,“substituted alkynyl”, substituted alkylaryl”, “substituted arylalkyl”,“substituted heterocycle”, “substituted aryl” and the like as usedherein mean an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl, arylalkylheterocycle, aryl or other group or moiety as defined or disclosedherein that has a substituent(s) that replaces a hydrogen atom(s) or asubstituent(s) that interrupts a carbon atom chain. Alkenyl and alkynylgroups that comprise a substituent(s) are optionally substituted at acarbon that is one or more methylene moieties removed from the doublebond.

“Optionally substituted alkyl”, “optionally substituted alkenyl”,“optionally substituted alkynyl”, “optionally substituted alkylaryl”,“optionally substituted arylalkyl”, “optionally substitutedheterocycle”, “optionally substituted aryl”, “optionally substitutedheteroaryl”, “optionally substituted alkylheteroaryl”, “optionallysubstituted heteroarylalkyl” and the like as used herein mean an alkyl,alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl heterocycle, aryl, heteroaryl,alkylheteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or other substituent, moiety or groupas defined or disclosed herein that has a substituent(s) that optionallyreplaces a hydrogen atom(s) or a substituent(s) that interrupts a carbonatom chain. Such substituents are as described herein. For a phenylmoiety, the arrangement of any two substituents present on the aromaticring can be ortho (o), meta (m), or para (p). An optionally substitutedfluoroalkyl is an alkyl or cycloalkyl moiety, typically a linear alkyl,wherein one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by fluorine and at leastone other atom other than carbon and fluorine.

An optionally substituted or substituted substituent, moiety or groupincludes those having one or more additional group(s) that replace itshydrogen atom(s) individually and independently selected from alkyl,cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy,alkylthio, arylthio, alkylsulfoxide, arylsulfoxide, alkylsulfone,arylsulfone, cyano, halo, nitro, haloalkyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy,and amino, including mono- and di-substituted amino groups, and theprotected derivatives thereof. By way of example and not limitation anoptional substituent(s) may be halide, —CN, —NO₂, or LsRs, wherein eachLs is independently selected from a bond, —O—, —C(═O)—, —C(═O)O—, —S—,—S(═O)—, —S(═O)₂—, —NH—, —NHC(═O)—, —C(═O)NH—, S(═O)₂NH—, —NHS(═O)₂,—OC(═O)NH—, —NHC(═O)O—, or —(C₁-C₆ alkylene)-; and each Rs is selectedfrom —H, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl,or heterocycloalkyl. The protecting groups that may form the protectivederivatives of the above substituents may be found in sources such asGreene and Wuts, above. Optional substituents include those selectedfrom the group consisting of halogen, —CN, —NH₂, —OH, —N(CH₃)₂, alkyl,fluoroalkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl,heteroaryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, alkylsulfoxide,arylsulfoxide, alkylsulfone, and arylsulfone, those selected from thegroup consisting of halogen, —CN, —NH₂, —OH, NH(CH₃), —N(CH₃)₂, —CO₂H,—CO₂ alkyl, —C(═O)NH₂, —C(═O)NHalkyl, —C(═O)N(alkyl)₂, —S(═O)₂NH₂,—S(═O)₂NH(alkyl), —S(═O)₂N(alkyl)₂, alkyl, cycloalkyl, fluoroalkyl,heteroalkyl, alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, —S-alkyl and —S(═O)₂ alkyl or thoseselected from the group consisting of halogen, —CN, —NH₂, —OH, —NH(CH₃),—N(CH₃)₂, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CF₃, —OCH₃, and —OCF₃. Typically, anoptionally substituted, substituent, moiety or group is substituted withone or two of the preceding groups, or more typically with one of thepreceding groups. An optional substituent on an aliphatic carbon atom(acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon atoms, excludingaromatic carbon atoms) further includes oxo (═O).

“Heterocycle” or “heterocyclic” as used herein means a cycloalkyl oraromatic ring system wherein one or more, typically 1, 2 or 3, but notall of the carbon atoms comprising the ring system are replaced by aheteroatom which is an atom other than carbon, including, N, O, S, Se,B, Si, P, typically N, O or S wherein two or more heteroatoms may beadjacent to each other or separated by one or more carbon atoms,typically 1-17 carbon atoms, 1-7 atoms or 1-3 atoms. Heterocyclesincludes heteroaromatic rings (also known as heteroaryls) andheterocycloalkyl rings (also known as heteroalicyclic groups) containingone to four heteroatoms in the ring(s), where each heteroatom in thering(s) is selected from O, S and N, wherein each heterocyclic group hasfrom 4 to 10 atoms in its ring system, and with the proviso that the anyring does not contain two adjacent O or S atoms.

Non-aromatic heterocyclic, substituents, moieties or groups (also knownas heterocycloalkyls) have at least 3 atoms in their ring system, andaromatic heterocyclic groups have at least 5 atoms in their ring systemand include benzo-fused ring systems. Heterocyclics with 3, 4, 5, 6 and10 atoms include aziridinyl azetidinyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl andquinolinyl, respectively. Nonaromatic heterocyclic substituents,moieties or groups are pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl,tetrahydrothienyl, oxazolidinonyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl,tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl,thioxanyl, piperazinyl, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl,homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl,thiazepinyl, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinyl, pyrrolin-2-yl, pyrrolin-3-yl,indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, dioxanyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl,pyrazolinyl, dithianyl, dithiolanyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrothienyl,dihydrofuranyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl,3-azabicyclo[3.1.0)hexanyl, 3azabicyclo[4.1.0)heptanyl, 3H-indolyl andquinolizinyl. Aromatic heterocyclic includes, by way of example and notlimitation, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl,pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl,isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl,benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl,phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridinyl, purinyl,oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, benzofurazanyl, benzo-thiophenyl,benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl,naphthyridinyl, and furopyridinyl. Non-aromatic heterocycles may besubstituted with one or two oxo (═O) moieties, and includespyrrolidin-2-one.

When heterocycle is used as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent) theheterocycle is attached to a Markush formula with which it is associatedthrough a carbon or a heteroatom of the heterocycle, where such anattachment does not result in an unstable or disallowed formal oxidationstate of that carbon or heteroatom. A heterocycle that is C-linked isbonded to a molecule through a carbon atom include moieties such as—(CH₂)_(n)-heterocycle where n is 1, 2 or 3 or —C<heterocycle whereC<represents a carbon atom in a heterocycle ring. A heterocycle that isN-linked is a nitrogen containing heterocycle that is bonded aheterocycle ring nitrogen sometimes described as —N<heterocycle whereN<represents a nitrogen atom in a heterocycle ring. Thus,nitrogen-containing heterocycles may be C-linked or N-linked and includepyrrole substituents, which may be pyrrol-1-yl (N-linked) or pyrrol-3-yl(C-linked), imidazole substituents, which may be imidazol-1-yl orimidazol-3-yl (both N-linked) or imidazol-2-yl, imidazol-4-yl orimidazol-5-yl (all C-linked).

“Heteroaryl” as used herein means an aryl ring system wherein one ormore, typically 1, 2 or 3, but not all of the carbon atoms comprisingthe aryl ring system are replaced by a heteroatom which is an atom otherthan carbon, including, N, O, S, Se, B, Si, P, typically, oxygen (—O—),nitrogen (—NX—) or sulfur (—S—) where X is —H, a protecting group orC₁₋₆ optionally substituted alkyl, wherein the heteroatom participatesin the conjugated system either through pi-bonding with an adjacent atomin the ring system or through a lone pair of electrons on the heteroatomand may be optionally substituted on one or more carbons or heteroatoms,or a combination of both, in a manner which retains the cyclicallyconjugated system.

Heterocycles and heteroaryls, include, by way of example and notlimitation, heterocycles and heteroaryls described in Paquette, Leo A.;“Principles of Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry” (W. A. Benjamin, New York,1968), particularly Chapters 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9; “The Chemistry ofHeterocyclic Compounds, A series of Monographs” (John Wiley & Sons, NewYork, 1950 to present), in particular Volumes 13, 14, 16, 19, and 28;and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82:5545-5473 particularly 5566-5573).Examples of heteroaryls include by way of example and not limitationpyridyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl,purinyl, imidazolyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, quinolinyl,isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, benzothiopyran,benzotriazine, isoxazolyl, pyrazolopyrimidinyl, quinoxalinyl,thiadiazolyl, triazolyl and the like. Heterocycles that are notheteroaryls include, by way of example and not limitation,tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, indolenyl, piperidinyl,pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidonyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl,tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, octahydroisoquinolinyl,2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-indolyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl,pyrazolidinyl, piperazinyl, quinuclidinyl, morpholinyl, oxazolidinyl andthe like.

Other heteroaryls include, by way of example and not limitation, thefollowing moieties:

Monocyclic heteroaryls include, by way of example and not limitation,pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl,tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl,isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, oxadiazolyl,thiadiazolyl, and furazanyl. Heteroaryls include those substituents,moieties or groups containing 0-3 N atoms, 1-3 N atoms or 0-3 N atoms,0-1 O atoms and 0-1 S atoms. A heteroaryl may be monocyclic or bicyclic.The ring system of a heteroaryls ring typically contains 1-9 carbons(i.e., C₁-C₉ heteroaryl). Monocyclic heteroaryls include C₁-C₅heteroaryls. Monocyclic heteroaryls include those having 5-membered or6-membered ring systems. Bicyclic heteroaryls include C₆-C₉ heteroaryls.Depending on the structure, a heteroaryl group can be a monoradical or adiradical (i.e., a heteroarylene group).

“Heterocycloalkyl” or “heteroalicyclic” as used herein means acycloalkyl group, moiety or substituent wherein at least on carbon ofthe cycloalkyl chain is replaces with a heteroatom selected from thegroup consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The heterocycloalkylmay be fused with an aryl or heteroaryl. Heterocycloalkyls, alsoreferred to as non-aromatic heterocycles, include by way of example andnot limitation:

Heterocycloalkyl includes, by way of example and not limitation,oxazolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl,tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl,thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl, and indolinyl. Heteroalicyclics furtherincludes all ring forms of carbohydrates, including but not limited tomonosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides. Typically, aheterocycloalkyl is a C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl and includes C₄-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl. A heterocycloalkyl may contain 0-2 N atoms, 0-2 Oatoms or 0-1 S atoms.

“Heteroarylalkyl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or groupwhere a heteroaryl moiety is bonded to an alkyl moiety, i.e.,-alkyl-heteroaryl, where alkyl and heteroaryl groups are as describedabove. When heteroarylalkyl is used as a Markush group (i.e., asubstituent) the alkyl moiety of the heteroarylalkyl is attached to aMarkush formula with which it is associated through a sp³ carbon of thealkyl moiety.

“Alkylheteroaryl” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or groupwhere a heteroaryl moiety is bonded to an alkyl moiety, i.e.,-heteroaryl-alkyl, where heteroaryl and alkyl groups are as describedabove. When heteroarylalkyl is used as a Markush group (i.e., asubstituent) the heteroaryl moiety of the heteroarylalkyl is attached toa Markush formula with which it is associated through a sp² carbon orheteroatom of the alkyl moiety.

“Halogen” or “halo” as used herein means fluorine, chlorine, bromine oriodine.

“Haloalkyl” as used herein means an alkyl substituent moiety or group inwhich one or more of its hydrogen atoms are replaced by one or moreindependently selected halide atoms. Haloalkyl includes C₁-C₄ haloalkyl.Example but non-limiting C₁-C₄ haloalkyls are —CH₂Cl, CH₂Br, —CH₂I,—CHBrCl, —CHCl—CH₂Cl and —CHCl—CH₂I.

“Haloalkylene” as used herein means an alkylene substituent, moiety orgroup in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by one or morehalide atoms. Haloalkylene includes C₁-C₆ haloalkylenes or C₁-C₄haloalkylenes.

“Fluoroalkyl” as used herein means an alkyl in which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom. Fluoroalkyl includesC₁-C₆ and C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyls. Example but non-limiting fluoroalkylsinclude —CH₃F, —CH₂F₂ and —CF₃ and perfluroalkyls.

“Fluoroalkylene” as used herein means an alkylene in which one or morehydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom. Fluoroalkylene includesC₁-C₆ fluoroalkylenes or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkylenes.

The term “heteroalkyl” refers to an alkyl group in which one or moreskeletal atoms of the alkyl are selected from an atom other than carbon,e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or combinations thereof. Inone aspect, a heteroalkyl is a C1-C6 heteroalkyl.

“Protecting group” as used here means a moiety that prevents or reducesthe ability of the atom or functional group to which it is linked fromparticipating in unwanted reactions. Non-limiting examples are for—OR^(PR), wherein R^(PR) is a protecting group for the oxygen atom foundin a hydroxyl, while for —C(O)—OR^(PR), R^(PR) may be a carboxylic acidprotecting group; for —SR^(PR), R^(PR) may be a protecting group forsulfur in thiols and for —NHR^(PR) or —N(R^(PR))₂—, at least one ofR^(PR) is a nitrogen atom protecting group for primary or secondaryamines. Hydroxyl, amine, ketones and other reactive groups may requireprotection against reactions taking place elsewhere in the molecule. Theprotecting groups for oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms are usually usedto prevent unwanted reactions with electrophilic compounds, such asacylating agents. Typical protecting groups for atoms or functionalgroups are given in Greene (1999), “Protective groups in organicsynthesis, 3^(rd) ed.”, Wiley Interscience.

“Ester” as used herein means a substituent, moiety or group thatcontains a —C(O)—O— structure (i.e., ester functional group) wherein thecarbon atom of the structure is not directly connected to anotherheteroatom and is directly connected to —H or another carbon atom.Typically, esters comprise or consist of an organic moiety containing1-50 carbon atoms, 1-20 carbon atoms or 1-8 carbon atoms and 0 to 10independently selected heteroatoms (e.g., O, S, N, P, Si), typically 0-2where the organic moiety is bonded through the —C(O)—O— structure andinclude ester moieties such as organic moiety-C(O)—O—. The organicmoiety usually comprises one or more of any of the organic groupsdescribed herein, e.g., C₁₋₂₀ alkyl moieties, C₂₋₂₀ alkenyl moieties,C₂₋₂₀ alkynyl moieties, aryl moieties, C₃₋₈ heterocycles or substitutedderivatives of any of these, e.g., comprising 1, 2, 3, 4 or moresubstituents, where each substituent is independently chosen. Exemplary,non-limiting substitutions for hydrogen or carbon atoms in these organicgroups are as described above for substituted alkyl and othersubstituted moieties and are independently chosen. The substitutionslisted above are typically substituents that one can use to replace oneor more carbon atoms, e.g., —O— or —C(O)—, or one or more hydrogen atom,e.g., halogen, —NH₂ or —OH. Exemplary esters include by way of exampleand not limitation, one or more independently selected acetate,propionate, isopropionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, valerate, isovalerate,caproate, isocaproate, hexanoate, heptanoate, octanoate, phenylacetateesters or benzoate esters. When ester is used as a Markush group (i.e.,a substituent) the single bonded oxygen of the ester functional group isattached to a Markush formula with which it is associated.

“Acetal”, “thioacetal”, “ketal”, “thioketal” and the like as used hereinmeans a moiety, group or substituent comprising or consisting of acarbon to which is bonded two of the same or different heteroatomswherein the heteroatoms are independently selected S and O. For acetalthe carbon has two bonded oxygen atoms, a hydrogen atom and an organicmoiety. For ketal, the carbon has two bonded oxygen atoms and twoindependently selected organic moieties where the organic moiety is asdescribed herein alkyl or optionally substituted alkyl group. Forthioacetals and thioketals one or both of the oxygen atoms in acetal orketal, respectively, is replaced by sulfur. The oxygen or sulfur atomsin ketals and thioketals are sometimes linked by an optionallysubstituted alkyl moiety. Typically, the alkyl moiety is an optionallysubstituted C₁₋₈ alkyl or branched alkyl structure such as —C(CH₃)₂—,—CH(CH₃)—, —CH₂—, —CH₂—CH₂—, —C[(C₂-C₄ alkyl)₂]_(1, 2, 3)- or —[CH(C₂-C₄alkyl)]_(1, 2, 3)-. Some of these moieties can serve as protectinggroups for an aldehyde or ketone include, by way of example and notlimitation, acetals for aldehydes and ketals for ketones and contain—O—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—O— or —O—CH₂—CH₂—O— moieties that form a spiro ring withthe carbonyl carbon, and can be removed by chemical synthesis methods orby metabolism in cells or biological fluids.

“Ether” as used herein means an organic moiety, group or substituentthat comprises or consists of 1, 2, 3, 4 or more —O— moieties, usually 1or 2, wherein no two —O— moieties are immediately adjacent (i.e.,directly attached) to each other. Typically, ethers comprise an organicmoiety containing 1-50 carbon atoms, 1-20 carbon atoms or 1-8 carbonatoms and 0 to 10 independently selected heteroatoms (e.g., O, S, N, P,Si), typically 0-2. An ether moiety, group or substituent includesorganic moiety-O— wherein the organic moiety is as described herein foralkyl or optionally substituted alkyl group. When ether is used as aMarkush group (i.e., a substituent) the oxygen of the ether functionalgroup is attached to a Markush formula with which it is associated. Whenether is a used as substituent in a Markush group it is sometimesdesignated as an “alkoxy” group. Alkoxy includes C1-C4 ethersubstituents such as, by way of example and not limitation, methoxy,ethoxy, propoxy, iso-propoxy and butoxy. Ether further includes thosesubstituents, moieties or groups that contain one (excluding ketal) ormore —OCH₂CH₂O—, moieties in sequence (i.e., polyethylene or PEGmoieties).

“Carbonate” as used here means a substituent, moiety or group thatcontains a —O—C(═O)—O— structure (i.e., carbonate functional group).Typically, carbonate groups as used here comprise or consist of anorganic moiety containing 1-50 carbon atoms, 1-20 carbon atoms or 1-8carbon atoms and 0 to 10 independently selected heteroatoms (e.g., O, S,N, P, Si), typically 0-2, bonded through the —O—C(═O)—O— structure,e.g., organic moiety-O—C(═O)—O—. When carbonate is used as a Markushgroup (i.e., a substituent) one of the singly bonded oxygen atoms of thecarbonate functional group is attached to a Markush formula with whichit is associated.

“Carbamate” or “urethane” as used here means a substituent, moiety orgroup that contains a —O—C(═O)N(R^(PR))—, —O—C(═O)N(R^(PR))₂,—O—C(═O)NH(optionally substituted alkyl) or —O—C(═O)N(optionallysubstituted alkyl)₂-structure (i.e., carbamate functional group) whereR^(PR) and optionally substituted alkyl are independently selected andR^(PR) are independently —H, a protecting group or an organic moiety asdescribed for ester, alkyl or optionally substituted alkyl. Typically,carbamate groups as used here comprise or consist of an organic moietycontaining about 1-50 carbon atoms, 1-20 carbon atoms or 1-8 carbonatoms and 0 to 10 independently selected heteroatoms (e.g., O, S, N, P,Si), typically 0-2, bonded through the —O—C(═O)—NR^(PR)— structure,e.g., organic moiety-O—C(═O)—NR^(PR)— or —O—C(═O)—NR^(PR)-organicmoiety. When carbamate is used as a Markush group (i.e., a substituent)the singly bonded oxygen (O-linked) or nitrogen (N-linked) of thecarbamate functional group is attached to a Markush formula with whichit is associated. The linkage of the carbamate substituent is eitherexplicitly stated (N- or O-linked) or implicit in the context to whichthis substituent is referred.

For any substituent group or moiety described by a given range of carbonatoms, the designated range means that any individual number of carbonatoms is described. Thus, reference to, e.g., “C1-C4 optionallysubstituted alkyl”, “C2-6 alkenyl optionally substituted alkenyl”,“C3-C8 optionally substituted heterocycle” specifically means that a 1,2, 3 or 4 carbon optionally substituted alkyl moiety as defined hereinis present, or a 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon alkenyl, or a 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8carbon moiety comprising a heterocycle or optionally substituted alkenylmoiety as defined herein is present. All such designations are expresslyintended to disclose all of the individual carbon atom groups and thus“C1-C4 optionally substituted alkyl” includes, e.g., 3 carbon alkyl, 4carbon substituted alkyl and 4 carbon alkyl, including all positionalisomers and the like are disclosed and can be expressly referred to ornamed. For esters, carbonates and carbamates defined by a given range ofcarbon atoms, the designated range includes the carbonyl carbon of therespective functional group. Thus a C1 ester refers to a formate esterand a C2 ester refers to an acetate ester. The organic substitutents,moieties and groups described herein, and for other any other moietiesdescribed herein, usually will exclude unstable moieties except wheresuch unstable moieties are transient species that one can use to make acompound with sufficient chemical stability for the one or more of theuses described herein. Substituents, moieties or groups by operation ofthe definitions herein that results in those having a pentavalent carbonare specifically excluded.

“LPA-dependent”, “LPA-mediated” or like terms as used herein means adisease or condition whose etiology, progression or persistence iseffected by in whole or in part by signaling through one or morelysophosphatidic acid receptor subtypes, including by way of example andnot limitation lysophosphatidic acid receptor subtypes 1-6 (LPARs).LPA-dependent or LPA-mediated diseases and conditions include but notlimited to fibrosis of organs (e.g., liver, kidney, lung, heart and thelike), liver diseases (e.g., acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liverfibrosis, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, regenerative failure,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver hypofunction, hepatic bloodflow disorder, and the like), cell proliferative disease (e.g., cancers,including but not limited to solid tumor, solid tumor metastasis,vascular fibroma, myeloma, multiple myeloma, Kaposi's sarcoma, leukemia,chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), invasive metastasis of cancer cell,and the like), inflammatory disease (e.g., psoriasis, nephropathy,pneumonia and the like), gastrointestinal tract disease (e.g., irritablebowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), abnormalpancreatic secretion, and the like), renal disease, urinarytract-associated disease (e.g., benign prostatic hyperplasia or symptomsassociated with neuropathic bladder disease), spinal cord tumor, herniaof intervertebral disk, spinal canal stenosis, symptoms derived fromdiabetes, lower urinary tract disease (e.g., obstruction of lowerurinary tract, and the like), inflammatory disease of lower urinarytract (e.g., dysuria, frequent urination, and the like), pancreasdisease, abnormal angiogenesis-associated disease (e.g., arterialobstruction and the like), scleroderma, brain-associated disease (e.g.,cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and the like), nervous systemdiseases (e.g., neuropathic pain, peripheral neuropathy, pruritus andthe like), ocular disease (e.g., age-related macular degeneration (AMD),diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (PVR),cicatricial pemphigoid, glaucoma filtration surgery scarring, and thelike).

“LPA1R selective agents”, LPA1R selective compounds” and like terms asused herein means agents or compounds that interact with thelysophosphatidic acid subtype 1 receptor in preference to thelysophosphatidic acid receptor 2-6. Typically, that preference ismanifested by 10-fold stronger binding affinity of the agent to LPA1R incomparison to other known LPARs as measured by experimentally determinedK_(D) values.

“Pharmaceutically acceptable formulation” as used herein means acomposition comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient, such as acompound having the formula of I-VI in addition to one or morepharmaceutically acceptable excipients or refers to a compositionprepared from an active pharmaceutical ingredient and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the composition issuitable for administration to a subject, such as a human or an animal,in need thereof. For a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation to besuitable for administration to a human the formulation must havebiological activity for treating or preventing a disease or conditiondisclosed herein or an expectation must exist that the formulation wouldhave a desired activity towards an “intent to treat” disease orcondition. Typically, the “intent to treat” disease or condition is alysophosphatidic acid receptor-mediated condition or disease. Moretypically the disease or condition to be treated or prevented is alysophosphatidic acid lysophosphatidic acid type 1 receptor-mediateddisease or condition. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation that issuitable for administration to an animal does not necessarily require abiological activity for treating or preventing a disease or condition,and may be administered to the animal in order to evaluate a potentialpharmacological or biological activity of a Formula I-XII compound.Those formulations must therefore be suitable for treating or preventinga disease or condition disclosed herein in an animal in need thereof oris suitable for evaluating a pharmacological or biological activity of aFormula I-XII compound. Compositions that are suitable only for use invitro assays or which contain a vehicle, component or excipient in anamount not permitted in a drug product are specifically excluded fromthe definition of a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation.

The pharmaceutically acceptable formulation may be comprised of, or beprepared from, one, two or more Formula I-XII compounds, typically oneor two, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. Moretypically, the formulations will consist essentially of or consist of asingle Formula I-XII compound and one or more pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipients. Other formulations may be comprised of, consistessentially of, or consist of one, two or more Formula I-XII compoundsand one two or more compounds in current use for treatinglysophosphatidic acid lysophosphatidic acid type 1 receptor-mediateddisease or condition disclosed herein and one or more pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipients. Typically those formulations will consistessentially of or consist of a single Formula I-XII compound, a singlecompound in current use for treating a lysophosphatidic acidlysophosphatidic acid type 1 receptor-mediated disease or condition andone or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

“Solid formulation” as used herein refers to a pharmaceuticallyacceptable formulation comprising at least one Formula I-XII compoundand one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients in solid form(s)wherein the formulation is in a unit dosage form suitable foradministration of a solid. The dosage units include tablets, capsules,caplets, gelcaps, suspensions and other dosage units typicallyassociated with parenteral or enteral (oral) administration of a solid.

“Liquid formulation” as used herein refers to a pharmaceuticallyacceptable formulation wherein at least one Formula I-XII compound hasbeen admixed or contacted with one or more pharmaceutically acceptableexcipients, wherein at least one of the excipients is in liquid form inproportions required for a liquid formulation, i.e., such that amajority of the mass amount of the Formula I-XII compound(s) isdissolved into the non-solid excipient. Dosage units containing a liquidformulation include syrups, gels, ointments and other dosage unitstypically associated with parenteral or enteral administration of apharmaceutical formulation to a subject in need thereof in liquid form.

“Prevent, “preventing” and like terms as used herein takes on its normaland customary meaning in the medical arts and therefore does not requirethat each instance to which the term refers be avoided with certainty.

Numbered Embodiments

The following embodiments exemplify the invention and are not meant tolimit the invention in any manner. In certain embodiments, the compoundspresented herein possess one or more stereocenters and each centerindependently exists in either the R or S configuration. The compoundspresented herein include all diastereomeric, enantiomeric, and epimericforms as well as the appropriate mixtures thereof. Stereoisomers areobtained, if desired, by methods such as, stereoselective synthesisand/or the separation of stereoisomers by chiral chromatographiccolumns. The methods and formulations described herein include the useof pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds having the structureof Formulas (I-VI), as well as active metabolites of these compoundshaving the same type of activity. In some situations, compounds mayexist as tautomers. All tautomers are included within the scope of thecompounds presented herein. In specific embodiments, the compoundsdescribed herein will exist as salts, including pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts. The salt forms include inorganic addition salts suchas F⁻ Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻ and sulfate salts and organic addition salts such asmesylate, besylate, tosylate, citrate, succinate, fumarate and malonate.In other embodiments, the compounds described herein exist as quaternaryammonium salts.

1. A compound of Formula I having the structure

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₈ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene,or —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—,—WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene, or W is—C(R^(L))₂—; Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkylene, or C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—; and n is 0, 1, or 2;

L² is absent, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —NR^(J)—,—C(═O)—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—;

wherein R^(B) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₄ alkyl, or has thestructure of one of:

Ring A is a 5 or 6 membered heteroarene having the structure of one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B;

wherein one of R^(C) and R^(D) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,

and the other R^(C) or R^(D) is —NR^(F)C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or —NR^(F)C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)—N(R^(F))—CH(R^(G))X—CY, or —C(═O)—N(R^(F))—C(R^(G))₂X—CY,

wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,

RF is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl, and

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E) or one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and istaken together with CY and the the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY isattached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle orsubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

wherein CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY issubstituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H),

R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J),—S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, or C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl,

wherein each R^(J) is independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), and —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), and

wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl,C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl,substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or

when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂— each R^(L) is independently —H, C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle;

Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,where if ring B is substituted then ring B is substituted with 1, 2, or3 independently selected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined;and

Ring C is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,wherein if ring C is substituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2,or 3 independently selected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previouslydefined,

wherein when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, Ring C isabsent, L² is absent, L¹ is —UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—,wherein RF is —H, R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is—O—, R^(G) is —CH₃ and RF is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,

or when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene and Ring C issubstituted or unsubstituted arylene or is substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, or Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene and Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, L² isabsent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene,

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B),

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

and when Ring B is C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted arylene, L² is absent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(C) is —CH₃and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B).

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In some embodiments R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl,C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl and R^(D) is—N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))₂—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY or—N(R^(F))—C(═O)X—CY, wherein R^(F) and each R^(G) independently are —Hor C₁-C₄alkyl.

In some embodiments R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl,—C(═O)NH₂, —C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or acarboxylic acid isostere.

In preferred embodiments R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, or—C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B), wherein R^(B) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₄alkyl or has the structure of one of:

In some embodiments L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkylene.

In some preferred embodiments L¹ is absent or substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene or —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—,—WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or—C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃alkylene, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene or C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene; and n is 0, 1, or 2.

In particularly preferred embodiments L¹ is —CH₂—,

dimethylmethane (i.e., —C(CH₃)₂—), or —UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by—WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene; and Z is substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkylene.

In some embodiments L² is absent, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkylene, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—, S(═O)₂—, —N(R^(B))—, or —C(═O)—.

In some preferred embodiments L² is absent, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—, S(═O)₂—,—N(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)—.

In some embodiments Ring A is a 5 or 6 membered heteroarene having oneof the structures of:

In some embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(C) defined as —H, —CN,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl.

In more preferred embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(C) defined as—H, —F, —CN, —CH₃, or —CF₃.

In some embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(D) defined as—N(R^(F))C(═O)—XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY, wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—, whereinR^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl and X, CY and R^(G) are as previouslydefined.

In more preferred embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(D) defined as—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)NHC(R^(G))—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)CH₂—CY, wherein R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl and X, CY andR^(G) are as previously defined.

In some embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(E) defined as —H orC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl.

In more preferred embodiments, Formula I compounds have R^(E) defined as—H, —CH₃, cyclopropyl or —CF₃.

In some embodiments, Formula I compounds have RF defined as H, C₁-C₄alkyl or C₃-C₆cycloalkyl.

In more preferred embodiments, Formula I compounds have RF defined as—H.

In some embodiments of Formula I compounds one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl andis taken together with CY and the the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CYis attached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle and the other R^(G), if presentis —H.

In other embodiments of Formula I compounds R^(G) is independently —H orC₁-C₄ alkyl.

In some embodiments of Formula I compounds Ring B is substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene, orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene, wherein if ring B issubstituted then ring B is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H).

In some embodiments of Formula I compounds Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene, orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene, wherein if ring C issubstituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H).

In some embodiments of Formula I compounds CY is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl,substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY is substituted with 1,2, or 3 independently selected R^(H).

In some preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula I compounds have Ring B and Ring C eachindependently defined as 1,4-substituted aryl or heteroaryl, R^(A) is—CO₂H, R^(C) is —F or —CN, R^(D) is —NR^(F)C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY, R^(E) is—CH₃, and R^(F), R^(G), and CY are as previously defined.

Other particularly preferred Formula I compounds have Ring B defined as1,4-substituted aryl or heteroaryl, L¹ is —UV—Z— wherein —UV— is definedby —WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is CH₂, Z issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(A) is —CO₂H, R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY, R^(E) is —CH₃, and R^(C), RF, R^(G), and CYare as previously defined.

2. The compound of embodiment 1 wherein Ring A has the structure of oneof:

3. The compound of embodiment 1 or 2 wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —CH₃,or —CF₃.

4. The compound of embodiment 1, 2 or 3 wherein R^(C) is —F or —CN.

5. The compound of embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein L², is absent.

6 The compound of embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein L¹, when present,is a geminally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl group,or is UV—Z—,

wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—,—N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or W is —C(R^(L))₂—, whereinR^(L) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or the two R^(L) areindependently C₁-C₄ alkyl taken together with the carbon to which R^(L)is attached to define a carbocycle, Z is substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkylene or C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene; and n is 0, 1, or 2.

7. The compound of embodiments 6 wherein L¹, when present, is —CH₂—,

or dimethylmethane, or —UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by —WO—,—WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is —CH₂—, Z is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene.

8. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-7 wherein R^(F) is —H.

9. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-8 wherein R^(G) is —CH₃.

10. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-9 wherein CY is substitutedor unsubstituted substituted phenyl.

11. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10 wherein R^(H) is —H,halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J),—N(R^(L))₂, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl.

12. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-11 wherein R^(H) areindependently selected from —H, halogen or substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₄ alkyl or substituted C₁-C₄ alkoxy.

13. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-12 wherein R^(H) isindependently —H, —Cl, —F, —CH₃, —CF₃, —OCH₃ or —OCF₃.

14. A compound of Formula II having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere,

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is absent or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene; optionallysubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, or optionally substituted C₁-C₆heteroalkylene or —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—,—N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or—C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is optionally substituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or Wis —C(R^(L))₂—, Z is optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene or C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—; and n is 0, 1, or 2;

Ring A is a 5 or 6 membered heteroarene having the structure of one of:

wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl,C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY; where X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(F) is —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one of R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyland is taken together with CY and the the carbon atom to which R^(G) andCY are attached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

Ring B is optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, optionallysubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted arylene,or optionally substituted heteroarylene, where if ring B is substitutedthen ring B is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H);

Ring C is absent or optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene,optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, optionallysubstituted arylene, or optionally substituted heteroarylene, wherein ifring C is substituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3independently selected R^(H);

CY is optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, optionallysubstituted aryl, or optionally substituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY issubstituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H), or

wherein each R^(H) is independently selected —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂,—OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J),—S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), —OC(═O)R^(J), —C(═O)OR^(J),—OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J),C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, orC₁-C₄ heteroalkyl, and

wherein R^(J) is optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionallysubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl,optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, optionally substitutedheterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substitutedheteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl),—C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(optionally substituted heteroaryl), and

each R^(L) is independently —H, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, optionally substituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, optionallysubstituted heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionallysubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl),—C₁-C₄ alkylene-(optionally substituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(optionally substituted heteroaryl), or

when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine an optionally substituted heterocycle,

or when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle;

wherein when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, Ring C isabsent, L¹ is —UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, wherein R^(J) is—H, R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is —O—, R^(G) is—CH₃ and R^(F) is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃, or when Ring B issubstituted or unsubstituted arylene and Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted arylene or is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene, or Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene and Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene and L¹is C₁-C₆ alkylene,

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B),

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

and when Ring B is C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted arylene, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(C) is —CH₃ and R^(A) is—CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B),

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula II compounds have Ring B and Ring Cdefined each as 1,4-substituted aryl or heteroaryl, R^(A) is CO₂H, andR^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

Particularly preferred Formula II compounds have Ring B defined as1,4-substituted aryl or heteroaryl, L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— isdefined by —WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is —CH₂—, Zis substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(A) is —CO₂H, R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

15. A compound of Formula III having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structureof one of

L¹ is absent or is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene; or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene or—UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—,—N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or W is —C(R^(L))₂—, Z issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene or C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene; andn is 0, 1, or 2;

Ring A is a 5-6 membered heteroarenes having one the structure of oneof:

wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl,C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY. wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(F) —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl andis taken together with CY and the the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CYis attached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

A¹, A² and A³ are independently ═NH—, —N═, ═CH— or —CH═,

Ring C is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,wherein if ring C is substituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2,or 3 independently selected R^(H);

CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY issubstituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(H);

wherein each R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH,—OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J),—S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), —OC(═O)R^(J), —C(═O)OR^(J),—OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂,N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, or C₁-C₄heteroalkyl;

each R^(J) is independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl);

each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedcycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or

when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, or

when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle;

wherein when A¹, A² and A³ are ═CH— or —CH═, Ring C is absent, L¹ is—UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, wherein R^(J) is —H, R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is —O—, R^(G) is —CH₃ and R^(F)is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,

or when Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene or substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B),

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

and when Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, L¹ is C₁-C₆alkylene, R^(C) is —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B).

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula III compounds have Ring C is defined as1,4-substituted phenyl or pyridyl, R^(A) is —CO₂H, and R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY; L¹ is —UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by—WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is —CH₂—, Z issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(A) is —CO₂H, and R^(D)is —N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

16. A compound of Formula IV having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted —C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—,—WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or W is—C(R^(L))₂—, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene orsubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;and n is 0, 1, or 2;

A¹ is independently ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A is a 5 or 6 membered heteroarene having one of the structures of:

wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl,C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY, wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(F) is —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl andis taken together with CY and the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY isattached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

CY is C₁-C₆ alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, a substituted orunsubstituted aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl,wherein if CY is substituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3R^(H);

wherein each R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH,—OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R, —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J),—S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R, —OC(═O)R^(J), —C(═O°) R^(J), —OC(═O)OR,—N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, or C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

wherein R^(J) is independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl); and

each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedcycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle,

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independentlyis —H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H, C₁-C₆ alkyl,or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle;

wherein A¹ is ═CH—, L¹ is —UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—,wherein R^(J) is —H, R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is—O—, R^(G) is —CH₃ and R^(F) is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or CO₂R^(B).

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula IV compounds have L¹ defined as —UV—Z—,wherein —UV— is defined by —WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is —CH₂—, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,R^(A) is —CO₂H, and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

17. A compound of Formula V having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere,

wherein R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structureof one of

L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—,—WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or W is—C(R^(L))₂—, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene orsubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;and n is 0, 1, or 2;

A¹ is ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarene having the structure of one of:

wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl,C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY; wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(F) is —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl andis taken together with CY and the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY isattached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or a substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY issubstituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H);

R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J),—S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)R^(J), —OC(═O)R^(J), —C(═O)OR^(J), —OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J), —NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

wherein each R^(J) is independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl);

wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle.

wherein when A¹ is ═CH—, L¹ is —UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—,and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃, then Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula V compounds have L¹ defined as UV—Z—wherein —UV— is defined by —WO—, —WN(R^(J))—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is —CH₂—, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,R^(A) is —CO₂H, and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

18. A compound of Formula VI having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere, wherein

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—,—WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or W is—C(R^(L))₂—, Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene orsubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;and n is 0, 1, or 2;

A¹ is independently ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarene having one of the structures of:

wherein R^(C) is defined as —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl,C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVI wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H);

R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl andis taken together with CY and the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY isattached to define a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), ifpresent, is as defined for R^(E);

R^(F) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(H) is independently selected from —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH,—OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J),—S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R, OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OC(═O)OR,—N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)R, —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

wherein R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, asubstituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or when W or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle.

In preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

Particularly preferred Formula VI compounds have L¹ as —UV—Z— wherein—UV— is —C(═O)NH—, —CH₂O— or —CH₂NH—, Z is substituted —CH—, and R^(A)is —CO₂H.

19. A compound of Formula VII having the structure of:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

A¹ is independently ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A has the structure of one of:

R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H);

R^(E), R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl;

Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;

R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J),—S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R, —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)R^(J), —OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂,—C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J), —NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl),or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl);

R^(L) is —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or each R^(L) in Z is independently —H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L)groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are taken together with thecarbon atom to which they are attached to define a carbocycle.

In some embodiments, Formula VII compounds have R^(F) defined as —H,C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆ cycloalkyl and each R^(H)R^(J) and R^(L) are aspreviously defined;

In particularly preferred Formula VII compounds R^(A) is —CO₂H.

20. A compound of Formula VIII having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

A¹ is ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A has the structure of one of:

R^(C) —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H);

R^(F) and R^(E) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl;

R^(G) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or is C₁-C₄ alkyl that is taken together withthe the R^(H) phenyl moiety of the Ring A R^(D) substituent and thecarbon atom to which R^(G) and said phenyl moiety is attached to definea carbocycle;

W is —C(R^(L))₂—;

Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;

R^(H) is —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J),—S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R, —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J),—OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J),—NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy,C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

R^(L) independently are —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

or each R^(L) is in W or Z independently —H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L)groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are taken together with thecarbon atom to which they are attached to define a carbocycle.

In some embodiments, Formula VIII compounds have R^(F) defined as —H,C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl.

In particularly preferred Formula VIII compounds R^(A) is —CO₂H andR^(J) is —H.

21. A compound of Formula IX having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

Ring has the structure of one of:

R^(C) —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent in FormulaIX wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H);

R^(E), R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆cycloalkyl or R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆cycloalkyl and R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl that is taken together with the theR^(H) phenyl moiety of the Ring A R^(D) substituent and the carbon atomto which R^(G) and said phenyl moiety is attached to define acarbocycle;

R^(H) is independently —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J),—S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R, —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R,—OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J),—NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy,C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

W is —C(R^(L))₂—;

Z is —C(R^(L))₂—;

R^(L) independently are —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or each R^(L) in W or Z independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached to define acarbocycle.

In preferred Formula IX compounds R^(A) is —CO₂H.

22. A compound of Formula X having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is absent or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene; C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene; or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene or L¹,when present is —CH₂—,

or disubstituted dimethylmethane.

A¹ is ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A has the structure of one of:

R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —NR^(F)C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —NR^(F)C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—NR^(F)C(═O)X—CY; where X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E), R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆cycloalkyl or R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H, C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₁-C₆cycloalkyl and one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken together with CYand the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), if present, is asdefined for R^(E);

R^(H) is —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J),—S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R, —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J),—OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J),—NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy,C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

R^(L) independently are —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle;

CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY issubstituted with 1, 2, or 3 R^(H),

wherein when L¹ is not absent and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂Hor —CO₂R^(B), then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In preferred embodiments Ring A has the structure of one of:

23. A compound of Formula XI having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is absent or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene; C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene; or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene or L¹,when present is —CH₂—,

or disubstituted dimethylmethane.

A¹ is ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A has the structure of one of:

R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY; where X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E), R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆cycloalkyl or R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl orC₁-C₆ cycloalkyl and one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken together withCY and carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), if present, is asdefined for R^(E);

R^(H) is —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J),—S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R, —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J),—OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J),—NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy,C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

R^(L) independently are —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

CY is C₁-C₆ alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, a substituted orunsubstituted aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl,wherein if CY is substituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3R^(H),

wherein when L¹ is not absent and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂Hor —CO₂R^(B), then Ring A has the structure of one of:

In particularly preferred Formula XI compounds R^(A) is —CO₂H, and R^(D)is —NR^(F)C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY.

24. A compound of Formula XII having the structure:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere;

R^(B) is optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of oneof:

L¹ is absent or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkylene; C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene; or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, or L¹,when present is —CH₂—,

or disubstituted dimethylmethane.

A¹ is ═N— or ═CH—;

Ring A has the structure of one of:

R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, or C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl;

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent in FormulaXII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H);

R^(E), R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl or C₃-C₆cycloalkyl or R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl orC₁-C₆ cycloalkyl and one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken togetherwith the R^(H) phenyl moiety of the Ring A R^(D) substituent and thecarbon atom to which R^(G) and said phenyl moiety is attached to definea substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), if present, is asdefined for R^(E);

R^(H) is —H, halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J),—S(═O)₂R^(J), —N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J),—OC(═O)R^(J), —CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, NR^(J)C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —NR^(J)C(═O)R^(J),—NR^(J)C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy,C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl;

R^(J) is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl);

R^(L) independently are —H, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl),

or when R^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂ or —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently—H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkylwhich are taken together with the N atom to which they are attached todefine a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle,

wherein when L¹ is not absent and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂Hor —CO₂R^(B), then Ring A has the structure of one

In particularly preferred Formula XII compounds R^(A) is —CO₂H.

25. A composition comprising, essentially consisting of or consisting ofone or more compounds of Formula I-XII and one or more excipients.

In preferred embodiments the composition comprises, consists essentiallyof, or consists of one compound of Formula I-XII and one or moreexcipients.

In other preferred embodiments the composition is a pharmaceuticallyacceptable formulation comprising, consisting essentially of, orconsisting of one compound of Formula I-XII and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

26. A compound of Formula I-XII or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt orprodrug thereof wherein the binding affinity of the compound tolysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1R) is between about 10 μM and 1 μMor less

27. The compound of embodiment 19 wherein the compound is a selectivelysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1R) compound.

28. A compound of Formula I-XII or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt,or prodrug thereof wherein the compound is a selective lysophosphatidicacid receptor-1 (LPA1R) compound.

29. The compound of embodiment 20, 21 or 22 wherein the compound is aselective lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1R) compound wherein thebinding affinity (i.e., K_(D)) of the LPA1R compound is between about 1μM and 1 μM or less. In preferred embodiments the K_(D) is 100 nM orless, more preferably 10 nM or less.

30. A compound of Table 1.

31. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid,2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid,2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid,2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,2(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid, 32. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid or(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid.

33. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]acetic,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]-phenyl]acetic acid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]-phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-2,5-di-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[6-[2,5-di-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]-3-pyridyl]phenyl]cyclo-propanecarboxylic acid,1-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid or2-[4-[4-[4-[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]-phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid.

34. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,((R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid or(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid.

35. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid.

36. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionicacid or(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid.

37. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid or(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid.

38. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclo-propanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid or(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.

39. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]-amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-cyclopropyl-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]-amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(3-cyano-phenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-propanoic acid,3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]-amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-propanoicacid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoicacid,3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]-amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoicacid,3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoicacid,3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid,(±)-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-aceticacid,(+)-2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-2-methyl-propionicacid,(±)-2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(±)-2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-hydroxy-propionicacid,(±)-1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylicacid or(±)-2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid.

40. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-{p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-benzoylamino}propionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-[({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)-methoxy]-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid or2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid.

41. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyl-amino)propionic acid,2-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionicacid2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid,2-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclo-propylmethyl)propionicacid,2-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,2-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoyl-amino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}propionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-[({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclo-propylpropionic acid,2-({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid,3-cyclopropyl-2-({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionicacid,2-(cyclopropyl-methyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyl-amino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid,2-(cyclo-propylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid or2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid.

42. The compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoyl-amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]-amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid,2-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid or2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid.

43. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-propionicacid,3-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl-amino}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionicacid,3-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyl-amino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-cyclo-propylpropionicacid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-[({p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-[({p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-methyl)amino]-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-({p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)-methoxy]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-({p-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionicacid,3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)-propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid,3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)-propionicacid,2-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl-amino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,2-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid or2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid.

44. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-propionicacid,2-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyl-oxy)propionicacid,2-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl-oxy}propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionicacid,2-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,2-benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid,2-(cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionicacid,3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid,2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-propionicacid,2-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionicacid,3-{p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-cyclopropyl-3-{p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}butyricacid,3-[({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-cyclo-propyl-3-[({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)-amino]butyricacid,3-({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-methoxy)-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-cyclopropyl-3-({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid,3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-cyclopropyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}butyricacid,3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-cyclo-propyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}butyricacid.

45. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoicacid, 2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid,3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]-amino]propanoic acid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoicacid, 2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid,3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid, 2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoro-methoxy)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-propanoicacid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]-amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]-amino]-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)propanoicacid,3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoicacid,3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoicacid,3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoicacid, 2-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid,3-cyclopropyl-2-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}-propionic acid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid,2-(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid,2-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}-methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl) methyl]-amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid,2-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid,2-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenyl-propionic acid,3-cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionicacid,2-[(p-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)-methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid,3-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}-4-phenylbutyric acid,4-cyclopropyl-3-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}butyric acid,3-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyric acid,4-cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid,3-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyricacid or4-cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1h-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid.

46. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,1-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid, 2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]-phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoic acid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,1-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{3-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,1-(4-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-phenyl}tolyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(p-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}phenyl)tolyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,1-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-methyl-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluoro-phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chloro-phenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,1-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-3-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid or1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.

47. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is3-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,4-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid,3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-Phenyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)-amino]propionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}-methyl)amino]propionicacid,3-Phenyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionicacid,4-Phenyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid or4-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid.

48. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]-amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid,2-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid,2-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionicacid,2-({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionicacid,3-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid,3-({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyricacid or4-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid.

49. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is2-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid,2-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid,2-[({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]-phenyl}-methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionicacid,2-({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]-phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionicacid,3-[({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]-phenyl}-methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyricacid,4-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyricacid,3-({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]-phenyl}-methoxy)-4-phenylbutyricacid or4-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid.

50. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is3-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,4-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid,3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoicacid,3-Phenyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}-methyl)-amino]propionicacid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]-phenyl}methyl)amino]propionicacid,3-Phenyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid,3-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionicacid,4-Phenyl-3-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyricacid,4-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-butyricacid,4-Phenyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}-methoxy)butyricacid,4-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid,2-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,2-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoicacid or2-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]-amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoicacid.

51. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is3-phenyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,4-phenyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid or 3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-propanoic acid,

52. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is3-phenyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,4-phenyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid or3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid.

53. A compound of embodiment 30 wherein the compound is1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,-(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidine-carboxylicacid,(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)-cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl-]aceticacid,1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidine-carboxylicacid,(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxy-carbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,[1-(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,[1-(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid,1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid,(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid,1-(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropane-carboxylicacid or[1-(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]aceticacid.

54. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of Table 1 and one or morepharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

55. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 31 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

56. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 32 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

57. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 33 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

58. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 34 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

59. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 35 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

60. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 36 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

61. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 37 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

62. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 38 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

63. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 39 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

64. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 40 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

65. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 41 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

66. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 42 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

67. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 43 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

68. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 44 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

69. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 45 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

70. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 46 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

71. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 47 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

72. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 48 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

73. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 49 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

74. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 50 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

75. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 51 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

76. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 52 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

77. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of, or consisting of a compound of embodiment 53 and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

78. A method comprising administering an effective amount of a FormulaI-XII compound to a subject having a LPA-dependent or LPA-mediateddisease or condition.

79. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-dependent orLPA-mediated disease or condition is a disease with fibrosis of theorgans.

80. The method of embodiment 79 wherein the fibrosis is of the liver,kidney, lung, heart, eye and the like.

81. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-dependent orLPA-mediated disease or condition is chronic pain

82. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-dependent orLPA-mediated disease or condition is pruritus.

83. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is aproliferative disease including cancer (solid tumor, solid tumormetastasis, vascular fibroma, myeloma, multiple myeloma, Kaposi'ssarcoma, leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and the like) andinvasive metastasis of cancer cell, including ovarian, breast and triplenegative breast cancer and the like,

84. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is aninflammatory disease including psoriasis, nephropathy, pneumonia and thelike,

85. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is agastrointestinal disease such as inflammatory bowel disease,

86. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is anocular disease including age-related macular degeneration (AMD),diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), cicatricialpemphigoid, glaucoma filtration surgery scarring, uveitis and the like,

87. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is aliver disease including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liverfibrosis, liver cirrhosis, cholestatic pruritus, portal hypertension,regenerative failure, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liverhypofunction, hepatic blood flow disorder, and the like,

88. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is arenal disease including chronic kidney disease, end stage renal disease,uremic pruritus, nephropathy including diabetic nephropathy and thelike,

89. The method of embodiment 78 wherein the LPA-mediated disease is askin disease including scleroderma, skin scarring, atopic dermatitis,psoriasis and the like,

90. The method of any one of embodiments 78-89 wherein the subject is ahuman.

91. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from Table 1.

92. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound is1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid,2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid,2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid,2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,2(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,((R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxy-carbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoro-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,

93. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 31.

94. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 32.

95. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 33.

96. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 34.

97. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 35.

98. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 36.

99. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 37.

100. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 38.

101. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 39.

102. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 40.

103. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 41.

104. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 42.

105. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 43.

106. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 44.

107. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 45.

108. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 46.

109. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 47.

110. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 48.

111. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 49.

112. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 50.

113. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 51.

114. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 52.

115. The method of any one of embodiments 78-90 wherein the compound isselected from embodiment 53.

116. A composition comprising, consisting essentially of or consistingof one or more compounds of Formula (I-XII) and one or more agentscurrently used to treat a LPA-dependent or LPA-mediated disease or adisease or condition described herein.

117. A pharmaceutically acceptable formulation comprising, consistingessentially of or consisting of one or more compounds of Formula(I-XII), one or more agents currently used to treat a LPA-dependent orLPA-mediated disease and one or more pharmaceutically acceptableexcipients.

118. A method comprising administering in combination with orco-administrating a compound of Formula (I-XII) to a subject with aLPA-dependent or LPA-mediated disease or condition and a currently usedagent to treat a LPA-dependent or LPA-mediated disease

The one or more additional therapeutically active agents other thancompounds of Formula (I-XII) are selected from: corticosteroids,immunosuppressants, analgesics, anti-cancer agents, anti-inflammatories,chemokine receptor antagonists, bronchodilators, leukotriene receptorantagonists, leukotriene formation inhibitors, platelet activatingfactor receptor antagonists, monoacylglycerol kinase inhibitors,phospholipase A₁ inhibitors, phospholipase A₂ inhibitors, andlysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) inhibitors, autotaxin inhibitors,decongestants, mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, mucolytics,anticholinergics, antitussives, expectorants, and β-2 agonists.

In preferred embodiments the currently used agent(s) are selected fromthose described in the Merck Index known to affect lysophosphatidic acidreceptor signaling. In other preferred embodiments the Formula (I-XII)compound is selected from Table 1.

In other embodiments, therapies which combine a compound of Formula(I-XII), with currently used agents that act on differing signallingpathways to the LPA synthesis or signalling pathway so as to providecomplementary clinical outcomes, are encompassed herein for treatingLPA-dependent or LPA-mediated diseases or conditions.

Examples of additional therapeutic agents include, but are not limitedto, any of the following: gossypol, genasense, polyphenol E,Chlorofusin, all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), bryostatin, tumor necrosisfactor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL),5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, all trans retinoic acid, doxorubicin,vincristine, etoposide, gemcitabine, imatinib, geldanamycin,17-N-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), flavopiridol,LY294002, bortezomib, trastuzumab, BAY 11-7082, PKC412, or PD 184352,Taxol™ (paclitaxel), and analogs of Taxol™, such as Taxotere™, U0126,PD98059, PD184352, PD0325901, ARRY-142886, SB239063, SP600 125, BAY43-9006, wortmannin, or LY294002, Adriamycin, Dactinomycin, Bleomycin,Vinblastine, Cisplatin, acivicin; aclarubicin; acodazole hydrochloride;acronine; adozelesin; aldesleukin; altretamine; ambomycin; ametantroneacetate; amino glutethimide; amsacrine; anastrozole; anthramycin;asparaginase; asperlin; azacitidine; azetepa; azotomycin; batimastat;benzodepa; bicalutamide; bisantrene hydrochloride; bisnafide dimesylate;bizelesin; bleomycin sulfate; brequinar sodium; bropirimine; busulfan;cactinomycin; calusterone; caracemide; carbetimer; carboplatin;carmustine; carubicin hydrochloride; carzelesin; cedefingol;chlorambucil; cirolemycin; cladribine; crisnatol mesylate;cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; dacarbazine; daunorubicin hydrochloride;decitabine; dexormaplatin; deazaguanine; deazaguanine mesylate;diaziquone; doxorubicin; doxorubicin hydrochloride; droloxifene;droloxifene citrate; dromostanolone propionate; duazomycin; edatrexate;eflornithine hydrochloride; elsamitrucin; enloplatin; enpromate;epipropidine; epirubicin hydrochloride; erbulozole; esorubicinhydrochloride; estramustine; estramustine phosphate sodium; etanidazole;etoposide; etoposide phosphate; etoprine; fadrozole hydrochloride;fazarabine; fenretinide; floxuridine; fludarabine phosphate;fluorouracil; flurocitabine; fosquidone; fostriecin sodium; gemcitabine;gemcitabine hydrochloride; hydroxyurea; idarubicin hydrochloride;ifosfamide; iimofosine; interleukin II (including recombinantinterleukin II, or rIL2), interferon alfa-2a; interferon alfa-2b;interferon alfa-n1; interferon alfa-n3; interferon beta-I a; interferongamma-I b; iproplatin; irinotecan hydrochloride; lanreotide acetate;letrozole; leuprolide acetate; liarozole hydrochloride; lometrexolsodium; lomustine; losoxantrone hydrochloride; masoprocol; maytansine;mechlorethamine hydrochloride; megestrol acetate; melengestrol acetate;melphalan; menogaril; mercaptopurine; methotrexate; methotrexate sodium;metoprine; meturedepa; mitindomide; mitocarcin; mitocromin; mitogillin;mitomalcin; mitomycin; mitosper; mitotane; mitoxantrone hydrochloride;mycophenolic acid; nocodazoie; nogalamycin; ormaplatin; oxisuran;pegaspargase; peliomycin; pentamustine; peplomycin sulfate;perfosfamide; pipobroman; piposulfan; piroxantrone hydrochloride;plicamycin; plomestane; porfimer sodium; porfiromycin; prednimustine;procarbazine hydrochloride; puromycin; puromycin hydrochloride;pyrazofurin; riboprine; rogletimide; safingol; safingol hydrochloride;semustine; simtrazene; sparfosate sodium; sparsomycin; spiro germaniumhydrochloride; spiromustine; spiroplatin; streptonigrin; streptozotocin;sulofenur; talisomycin; tecogalan sodium; tegafur; teloxantronehydrochloride; temoporfm; teniposide; teroxirone; testolactone;thiamiprine; thioguanine; thiotepa; tiazofurin; tirapazamine; toremifenecitrate; trestolone acetate; triciribine phosphate; trimetrexate;trimetrexate glucuronate; triptorelin; tubulozole hydrochloride; uracilmustard; uredepa; vapreotide; verteporfin; vinblastine sulfate;vincristine sulfate; vindesine; vindesine sulfate; vinepidine sulfate;vinglycinate sulfate; vinleurosine sulfate; vinorelbine tartrate;vinrosidine sulfate; vinzolidine sulfate; vorozole; zeniplatin;zinostatin; zorubicin hydrochloride, mechloroethamine, cyclophosphamide,chlorambucil, meiphalan, etc.), ethylenimine, hexamethlymelamine,thiotepa, busulfan), carmustine, lomusitne, semustine, streptozocin,ortriazenes, dacarbazine, methotrexate, fluorouracil, floxouridine,Cytarabine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin,hydroxyprogesterone caproate, megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesteroneacetate, estrogens, diethlystilbestrol, ethinyl estradiol, tamoxifen),testosterone propionate, fluoxymesterone, flutamide, leuprolide,cisplatin, carboblatin, mitoxantrone), procarbazine, mitotane, aminoglutethimide, Erbulozole, Dolastatin 10, Mivobulin isethionate,Vincristine, NSC-639829, Discodermolide, ABT-751, Altorhyrtin A andAltorhyrtin C), Spongistatins 1-9, Cemadotin hydrochloride, EpothiloneA, Epothilone B, Epothilone C, Epothilone D, Epothilone E, Epothilone F,Epothilone B N-oxide, Epothilone AN-oxide, 16-aza-epothilone B,21aminoepothilone B, 21-hydroxyepothilone D, 26-fluoroepothilone,Auristatin PE, Soblidotin, Cryptophycin 52, Vitilevuamide, Tubulysin A,Canadensol, Centaureidin, Oncocidin Al Fijianolide B, Laulimalide,Narcosine, Nascapine, Hemiasterlin, Vanadocene acetylacetonate,Indanocine Eleutherobins (such as Desmethyleleutherobin,Desacetyleleutherobin, Isoeleutherobin A, and Z-Eleutherobin),Caribaeoside, Caribaeolin, Halichondrin B, Diazonamide A, TaccalonolideA, Diozostatin, (−)-Phenylahistin, Myoseverin B, Resverastatin phosphatesodium, Aprepitant, cannabis, marinol, dronabinol, erythropoetin-α,Filgrastim, rituximab, natalizumab, cyclophosphamide, penicillamine,cyclosporine, nitrosoureas, cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin,methotrexate, azathioprine, mercaptopurine, pyrimidine analogues,protein synthesis inhibitors, dactinomycin, anthracyclines, mitomycin C,bleomycin, mithramycin, Atgam® Thymoglobuline®, OKT3®, basiliximab,daclizumab, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, sirolimus, Interferons, opioids,infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab, leflunomide,sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquinine, minocycline, rapamicin,mycophenolic acid, mycophenolate mofetil, FTY720, Cyclosporin A (CsA) ortacrolimus (FK506), aspirin, salicylic acid, gentisic acid, cholinemagnesium salicylate, choline salicylate, choline magnesium salicylate,choline salicylate, magnesium salicylate, sodium salicylate, diflunisal,carprofen, fenoprofen, fenoprofen calcium, flurobiprofen, ibuprofen,ketoprofen, nabutone, ketolorac, ketorolac tromethamine, naproxen,oxaprozin, diclofenac, etodolac, indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin,meclofenamate, meclofenamate sodium, mefenamic acid, piroxicam,meloxicam, valdecoxib, parecoxib, etoricoxib, lumiracoxib,betamethasone, prednisone, alclometasone, aldosterone, amcinonide,beclometasone, betamethasone, budesonide, ciclesonide, clobetasol,clobetasone, clocortolone, cloprednol, cortisone, cortivazol,deflazacort, deoxycorticosterone, desonide, desoximetasone,desoxycortone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, diflucortolone,difluprednate, fluclorolone, fludrocortisone, fludroxycortide,flumetasone, flunisolide, fluocinolone acetonide, fluocinonide,fluocortin, fluocortolone, fluorometholone, fluperolone, fluprednidene,fluticasone, formocortal, halcinonide, halometasone,hydrocortisone/cortisol, hydrocortisone aceponate, hydrocortisonebuteprate, hydrocortisone butyrate, loteprednol, medrysone,meprednisone, methylprednisolone, methylprednisolone aceponate,mometasone furoate, paramethasone, prednicarbate,prednisone/prednisolone, rimexolone, tixocortol, triamcinolone,ulobetasol, pioglitazone, clofibrate, fenofibrate gemfibrozil, folicacid, isbogrel, ozagrel, ridogrel, dazoxiben, lovastatin, simvastatin,pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, nisvastatin, and rosuvastatin,edaravone, vitamin C, TROLOX™, citicoline and minicycline,(2R)-2-propyloctanoic acid, propranolol, nadolol, timolol, pindolol,labetalol, metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol and acebutolol, memantine,traxoprodil, tirofiban lamifiban, argatroban, enalapril, cyclandelate,losartan, valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan, olmesartanmepyramine (pyrilamine), antazoline, diphenhydramine, carbinoxamine,doxylamine, clemastine, dimenhydrinate, pheniramine, chlorphenamine(chlorpheniramine), dexchlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, triprolidine,cetirizine, cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, meclizine,loratadine, desloratidine, promethazine, alimemazine (trimeprazine),cyproheptadine, azatadine, ketotifen, acrivastine, astemizole,cetirizine, mizolastine, terfenadine, azelastine, epinastine,levocabastine, olopatadine, levocetirizine, fexofenadine, rupatadine,bepotastine), mucolytics, anticholinergics, antitussives, analgesics,expectorants, albuterol, ephedrine, epinephrine, fomoterol,metaproterenol, terbutaline, budesonide, ciclesonide, dexamethasone,flunisolide, fluticasone propionate, triamcinolone acetonide,ipratropium bromide, pseudoephedrine, theophylline, montelukast,pranlukast, tomelukast, zafirlukast, ambrisentan, bosentan, enrasentan,sitaxsentan, tezosentan, iloprost, treprostinil, pirfenidone,epinephrine, isoproterenol, orciprenaline, xanthines, zileuton.

119. The method of embodiments 116-118 wherein the subject is a human.

120. The method of embodiments 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from Table 1.

121. The method of embodiments 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from the group consisting of1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid,2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid,2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid,2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,2(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxy-carbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclo-propanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonyl-amino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclo-propanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropane-carboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonyl-amino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,

122. The method of embodiments 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 31.

123. The method of embodiments 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 32.

124. The method of embodiments 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 33.

125. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 34.

126. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 35.

127. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 36.

128. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 37.

129. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 38.

130. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 39.

131. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 40.

132. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 41.

133. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 42.

134. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 43.

135. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 44.

136. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 45.

137. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 46.

138. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 47.

139. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 48.

140. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 49.

141. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 50.

142. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 51.

143. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 52.

144. The method of embodiment 116-119 wherein the Formula I-XIIcompound(s) are selected from embodiment 53.

145. The composition of embodiment 116 where the currently used agent isa mast cell stabilizing agent

146. The composition of embodiment 116 where the currently used agent isa platelet activating factor receptor antagonist,

147. The composition of embodiment 145 where the mast cell stabilizingagent is cromoglicate, nedocromil, azelastine, bepotastine, epinastine,ketotifen, olopatadine and rupatadine.

148. The composition of embodiment 146 where the platelet activatingfactor receptor antagonist is rupatadine, SM-12502, CV-3988 and WEB2170.

1A. A compound wherein the compound has the structure of Formula I

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof,

wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂,—C(═O)NHR^(B), —C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B) or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylicacid isostere; wherein R^(B) is —H or —C₁-C₄ alkyl, or has the structureof one of:

L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, or —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— isdefined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—,—S(═O)_(n)W— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene or substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkylene or W is —C(R^(L))₂—, and wherein Z is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₆cycloalkylene, or C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene or Z is —C(R^(L))₂—; whereinn is 0, 1, or 2;

L² is absent, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene, —O—, —S—, —S(═O)—,—S(═O)₂—, —N(R^(J))—, —C(═O)—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—;

Ring A is a 5-6 membered heteroarene selected from one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B; wherein one of R^(C) and R^(D) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,—OC₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or —C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl,and the other R^(C) or R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))—C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)—N(R^(F))—CH(R^(G))X—CY, —C(═O)—N(R^(F))—C(R^(G))₂X—CY, or—C(═O)X—N(R^(F))—X—CY, wherein X is absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—;

R^(E) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl; R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄alkyl; R^(G) is independently selected R^(E), or one R^(G) is —C₁-C₄alkyl and is taken together with the carbon atom to which R^(G) isattached and the carbon or heteroatom to which CY is attached to definea substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), if present, is asdefined for R^(E);

CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein if CY is substituted then CY issubstituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H);

wherein each R^(H) is independently selected from —H, halogen, —CN,—NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J),—N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J),—CO₂R^(J), —OCO₂R^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J), —N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J),C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, andC₁-C₄ heteroalkyl, wherein each R^(J) is independently substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkyl, C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl);

wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl),or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or whenR^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂or —N(R^(F))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are takentogether with the N atom to which they are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, or when W is —C(R^(L))₂ ⁻ or Zis —C(R^(L))₂—, each R^(L) is independently —H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, or theR^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl which are taken together withthe carbon atom to which they are attached to define a carbocycle;

Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,where if ring B is substituted then ring B is substituted with 1, 2, or3 independently selected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined;

Ring C is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, substituted orunsubstituted arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,where if ring C is substituted then ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or3 independently selected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined,

wherein when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, Ring C isabsent, L² is absent, L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—,wherein R^(J) is —H, R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein X is—O—, R^(G) is —CH₃ and R^(F) is —H, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,

or when Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene and Ring C issubstituted or unsubstituted arylene or is substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, or Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene and Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, L² isabsent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene,

and R^(C) is —H or —CH₃ and R^(A) is —CO₂H or CO₂R^(B).

then Ring A has the structure of one of:

and when Ring B is C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene, Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted arylene, L² is absent, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(C) is —CH₃and R^(A) is —CO₂H or CO₂R^(B), then Ring A has the structure of one of:

2A. The compound of embodiment 1A wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or —C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,N(R^(F))—C(═)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))—C(═O)X—CY, wherein R^(F) and eachR^(G) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.

3A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein Ring A is selected from oneof:

wherein R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═c)XCH(R^(G))—CY, and R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or—CF₃,

Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, Ring C is absent; L² is absent; L is—UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—,—N(R^(J))C(═)—, —SW—, —S(═)_(n)N(R^(F))W—, or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein Wis substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene; and n is 0, 1, or 2; orRing B and Ring C independently are substituted or unsubstituted aryleneor substituted or unsubstituted arylene L² is absent, L¹ is C₁-C₆alkylene.

4A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein Ring A has the structure ofone of:

wherein Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene and Ring C issubstituted or unsubstituted arylene or is substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, or Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene and Ring C is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, L² isabsent and L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene.

5A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein L² is absent and L¹ is C₁-C₆alkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene,substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene or L² and Ring C areabsent and L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —OW—, —WO—,—N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))—, —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, —SW—, —S(═O)_(n)W—, or—C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃alkylene; and n is 0, 1, or 2.

6A. The compound of embodiment 5A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z— wherein —UV— isdefined by —OW—, —WO—, —N(R^(J))W—, —WN(R^(J))— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—,wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene.

7A. The compound of embodiment 5A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV— isdefined by —WO—, —WN(R^(J))— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein W issubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃ alkylene, and L² is absent.

8A. The compound of embodiment 7A wherein Z is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene.

9A. The compound of embodiment 7A wherein Z is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene and R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B).

10A. The compound of embodiment 7A, wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein R^(J) is —H or —CH₃.

11A. The compound of embodiment 7A wherein L¹ is UV—Z—, wherein —UV—, isdefined by —WO—.

12A. The compound of embodiment 7A wherein L¹ is UV—Z—, wherein —UV—, isdefined by —WN(R^(J))—, wherein R^(J) is —H or —CH₃.

13A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein L¹ is absent or a substitutedor unsubstituted substituted C₁-C₄ alkylene or a substituted orunsubstituted C₃ cycloalkylene (i.e., cyclopropyl-di-yl).

14A. The compound of embodiment 2 wherein L¹ is —CH₂—,

or —C(CH₃)₂—.

15A. The compound of embodiment 2 wherein Ring A has the structure ofone of:

wherein R^(C) is —H, —CN, —CH₃, or —CF₃, R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, or—N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY and L¹ is —UV—Z— wherein —UV— is defined by —WO—,—WN(R)— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—.

16A. The compound of embodiment 15A wherein R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY.

17A. The compound of embodiment 15A wherein R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein —X— is —N(R^(F))— or —O—; andwherein R^(G) and each R^(F), independently selected, are —H or —CH₃.

18A. The compound of embodiment 17A wherein R^(G) is —CH₃, in the R or Sconfiguration, and CY is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.

19A. The compound of embodiment 17A wherein R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein CY is unsubstituted or substitutedphenyl, wherein substituted phenyl is phenyl that is substituted withone or two of independently selected R^(J).

20A. The compound of embodiment 17A, wherein R^(D) is—N(R^(F))C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CY, wherein R^(F) is —H, and wherein CY isunsubstituted phenyl.

21A. The compound of embodiment 17A, wherein R^(D) is—N(R^(F))—C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CY, wherein R^(F) is —H, and wherein CY issubstituted phenyl, wherein substituted phenyl is phenyl that issubstituted with one or two of independently selected R^(J), whereinR^(J) are halogens.

22A. The compound of embodiment 21A, wherein R^(D) is—NH—C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CY wherein CY is substituted phenyl, whereinsubstituted phenyl is phenyl that is substituted with one R^(H), whereinR^(J) is —F, —Cl or —Br.

23A. The compound of embodiment 21A, wherein R^(D) is—NH—C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CY, wherein CY is substituted phenyl, whereinsubstituted phenyl is phenyl that is substituted with one R^(H), whereinR^(J) is —Cl.

24A. The compound of embodiment 19A, wherein R^(D) is—NH—C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CY having the structure of

25A. The compound of claim 19A wherein R^(D) is —NH—C(═O)OCH(CH₃)—CYwherein the methyl group in R^(D) is in the R configuration.

26A. The compound of any one of embodiments 5-25 wherein Ring A has thestructure of:

wherein L² is absent and Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene,or substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene,

provided that when Ring C is not absent and L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, orRing C is absent and L¹ is —UV—Z, wherein —UV— is —N(R^(J))C(═O)—, andR^(D) has the structure of —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY or —N(R^(F))—C(═O)X—CY, and R^(A) is —CO₂H,then R^(C) is other than —H, —CH₃ and —CF₃.

27A. The compound of embodiment 26A wherein R^(C) is —H, —CH₃ or —CF₃,and R^(D) is —NH—C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY, wherein R^(G) is —H or —CH₃, in theR or S configuration, and —CY is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl.

28A. The compound of embodiment 26A wherein L² and Ring C are absent,Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, and L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—, is definedby —WO—, —WN(R^(J))— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—.

29A. The compound of embodiment 26A wherein L² and Ring C are absent,Ring B is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, and L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—, is definedby —WN(R^(J))— or —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein R^(J) is —H or —CH₃.

30A. The compound of embodiment 29A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —C(═O)NH—, and wherein Z is substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆ alkylene.

31A. The compound of embodiment 29A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —WO—, wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃alkylene, and wherein Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene.

32A. The compound of embodiment 29A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —W—NH—, wherein W is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₃alkylene, and wherein Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene.

33A. The compound of embodiment 26A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —WO—, —WN(R^(J))— or —C(═O)N(R^(J)), wherein R^(J) is —Hor —CH₃, and wherein Z is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene,wherein the alkylene is —CH(CH₂-cyclopropyl)-, —CH(CH₂-aryl) or—CH(CH₂-heteroaryl), wherein the aryl or heteroaryl is substituted orunsubstituted.

34A. The compound of embodiment 33A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —C(═O)NH—, —WO— or —W—NH—, wherein —W— is —CH₂—.

35A. The compound of embodiment 33A wherein R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B).

36A. The compound of embodiment 33A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z—, wherein —UV—is defined by —CH₂O—, —CH₂—NH— or —C(═O)NH—, wherein Z is substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, wherein the alkylene is—CH(CH₂-cyclopropyl)-, —CH(CH₂-aryl) or —CH(CH₂-heteroaryl), wherein thearyl or heteroaryl is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3independently selected substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₄ alkyl orhalogen.

37A. The compound of embodiment 36A wherein said substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₄ alkyl or halogen substituent or substituents of thearyl or heteroaryl of —CH(CH₂-aryl) or —CH(CH₂-heteroaryl) are selectedfrom the group consisting of —CH₃, —CF₃, —F, —Cl or —Br.

38A. The compound of embodiment 33A, wherein L¹ is —UV—Z— and whereinR^(A) is —CO₂H to which Z is attached to define -L¹-R^(A) (i.e.,—UV—Z—R^(A)), wherein —UV— is defined by —C(═O)NH—, —WO— or —W—NH—,wherein —W— is —CH₂—, and Z is —CH(CH₂-aryl), wherein the aryl issubstituted or unsubstituted, having the structure of one of

39A. The compound of embodiment 36A wherein the —CH(CH₂-aryl)substituent of Z in the -L¹-R^(A) is in the R configuration.

40A. The compound of embodiment 33A wherein L¹ is —UV—Z— and whereinR^(A) is —CO₂H to which Z is attached to define -L¹-R^(A) (i.e.,—UV—Z—R^(A)), wherein —UV— is defined by —C(═O)NH—, —WO— or —W—NH—,wherein —W— is —CH₂—, and Z is —CH(CH₂-cyclopropyl)-, having thestructure of

41A. The compound of embodiment 1A, 2A, 3A, or 4A, wherein the compoundhas the structure of Formula III

A wherein A¹, A² and A³ are independently —N═, ═N—, ═CH— or —CH═.

42A. The compound of embodiment 41A wherein Ring A wherein Ring A hasthe structure of one of:

wherein when L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(D) is—N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, whereinR^(F) is —H, R^(G) is —H or —CH₃; R^(A) is —CO₂H or CO₂R^(B), and R^(C)is —H or —CH₃, then Ring A has the structure of one of:

43A. The compound of embodiment 41A, wherein Ring A wherein Ring A hasthe structure of one of:

wherein Ring C is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene orheteroarylene, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(A) is —CO₂H or CO₂R^(B), R^(D)is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, whereinR^(F) is —H, R^(G) is —CH₃ and CY is substituted phenyl and R^(C) is—CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₂-C₄ alkyl, —C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl,or —C₂-C₄ fluoroalkyl.

44A. The compound of embodiment 41A, wherein Ring A has the structure ofone of:

wherein Ring C is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene orheteroarylene, L¹ is C₁-C₆ alkylene, R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B), R^(D)is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY, —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, wherein Xis —O—, R^(F) is —CH₃, R^(G) is —H or —CH₃ and CY is substituted phenyland R^(C) is —H, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, —C₁-C₄ alkyl,—C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, or —C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl.

45A. The compound of embodiment 1A, 2A or 5A wherein the compound hasthe structure of Formula IV

wherein Ring A has the structure of one of:

wherein A¹ is ═N— or ═C—; R^(D) is —NR^(F)C(═O)OCH(R^(G))—CY; L¹ is—UV—Z—, wherein —UV— is defined by —C(═O)N(R^(J))—, wherein R^(J) is —Hor —CH₃; R^(F) and R^(G) independently are —H or —CH₃; and R^(A) is—CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B).

46A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound has thestructure of Formula VII

wherein Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarene having one of the structuresof:

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVI wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H), and R^(C) is —H,—CH₃, CF₃ or —F; R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B); and R^(F) and R^(G)independently are —H or —CH₃; and R^(H) independently are —H, halogen,—CH₃ or —CF₃.

47A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound has thestructure of Formula VII

wherein A¹ is ═CH— or ═N—; Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarene having thestructure of one of:

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H); and R^(C) is —H,—CH₃, CF₃ or —F; R^(A) is —CO₂H or —CO₂R^(B); R^(E) and R^(F)independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is —H or —CH₃; R^(H)independently are —H, halogen, —CH₃ or —CF₃; and Z is —C(R^(L))₂,wherein one R^(L) is —H and the other R^(L) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl.

48A The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound has the structureof Formula VIII

wherein A¹ is ═CH— or ═N—; wherein Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarenehaving the structure of one of

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H); R^(A) is —CO₂H or—CO₂R^(B); W is —C(R^(L))₂— or

R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is —H or—CH₃; R^(H) independently are —H, halogen, —CH₃ or —CF₃; and Z is—C(R^(L))₂, wherein one R^(L) is —H and the other R^(L) is —H or C₁-C₄alkyl.

49A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound has thestructure of Formula IX

wherein A¹ is ═CH— or ═N—; wherein Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarenehaving the structure of one of

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H); R^(A) is —CO₂H or—CO₂R^(B);

wherein W is —C(R^(L))₂— or

R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is —H or—CH₃; R^(H) independently are —H, halogen, —CH₃ or —CF₃; and Z is—C(R^(L))₂, wherein one R^(L) is —H and the other R^(L) is —H or C₁-C₄alkyl.

50A. The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound has thestructure of Formula XII

wherein A¹ is ═CH— or ═N—; wherein Ring A is a 5 membered heteroarenehaving the structure of one of

wherein R^(D) is the —N(R^(F))C(═O)CH(R^(G))—CY substituent of FormulaVII wherein CY is phenyl substituted with one R^(H); R^(A) is —CO₂H or—CO₂R^(B); wherein W is —C(R^(L))₂— or

R^(E) and R^(F) independently are —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is —H or—CH₃; R^(H) independently are —H, halogen, —CH₃ or —CF₃; and Z is—C(R^(L))₂, wherein one R^(L) is —H and the other R^(L) is —H or C₁-C₄alkyl.

51A The compound of embodiment 2A wherein the compound is selected fromTable 1.

52A. The compound of embodiment 51A wherein the compound is1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid,2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid,2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid,2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,2(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid,(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid,(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionicacid,(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid,2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.

53A. A compound of any one of embodiments 1A-52A for preparation ofmendicant for treating a LPA-dependent disease or condition.

The compounds of Table 1 are exemplary of the invention but notlimiting, wherein compounds 57-458 are prepared according to theappropriately modified procedures of the examples for preparation ofcompounds 1-458.

TABLE 1 Cpd Name 11-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 22-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylic acid 32-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino) phenyl acetic acid 42-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino) phenyl propanoic acid 52(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 62(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 7(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 8(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 9(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 10(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 11(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 12(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 13(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 14(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 15(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 16(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 17(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionic acid 18(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionic acid 19(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionic acid 20(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionic acid 21(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid 22(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionic acid 23(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid 24(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionic acid 25(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionic acid 26(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid 27(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionic acid 28(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionic acid 29(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionic acid 30(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionic acid 31(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionic acid 32(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionic acid 33(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionic acid 34(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionic acid 35(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionic acid 36(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionic acid 37(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionic acid 38(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid 39(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionic acid 40(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionic acid 41(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionic acid 422-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionic acid 432-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionic acid 44(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionic acid 45(RS)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonyloxy)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionic acid 462-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]acetic acid 47(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropane carboxylic acid 48(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropane carboxylic acid 49(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 50(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 51(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 52(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 53(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 54(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 55(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 56(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 572-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 583-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 592-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 602-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 612-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 622-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-cyclopropyl-propanoic acid 632-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 642-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 652-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 662-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 673-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 682-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 693-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 703-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 713-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 723-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 733-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 743-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 752-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 763-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 773-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 783-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 792-[[4-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 802-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 812-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 822-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)propanoic acid 832-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3-cyanophenyl)propanoic acid 843-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 853-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 862-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 872-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 883-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 892-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)propanoic acid 902-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 912-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 923-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 933-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 943-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 953-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 963-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 972-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 982-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 993-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1003-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1012-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 1022-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1032-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 1043-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1053-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1063-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1073-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1082-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 1092-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1103-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1113-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1122-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 1132-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1142-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid 1152-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)propanoic acid 1162-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3-cyanophenyl)propanoic acid 1173-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1183-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1192-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 1202-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1212-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)propanoic acid 1223-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1232-[[4-[4-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 1242-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1253-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1263-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1273-(3-cyanophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1283-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1293-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1302-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid 1312-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 1323-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1333-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 1342-[[4-[4-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propanoic acid 1352-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1362-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1373-Cyclopropyl-2-{p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}propionic acid 1382-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1392-[({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 1402-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1413-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 1422-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1432-({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1442-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid 1453-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 1462-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1472-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1482-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1492-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1502-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1512-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 1522-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1532-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1542-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1552-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1562-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid 1572-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1582-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1592-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1602-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 1612-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1623-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1632-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1642-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 1652-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1663-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1672-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1682-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1692-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1702-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1712-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1723-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1732-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1742-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1752-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 1762-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1773-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1782-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1792-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 1802-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1813-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1822-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1832-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1843-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1852-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1862-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1872-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 1883-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1892-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 1902-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 1912-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 1923-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1933-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1942-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 1952-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 1963-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1973-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 1982-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 1992-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2002-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2012-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2022-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2032-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2042-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2052-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2062-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2072-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2083-Cyclopropyl-2-{p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}propionic acid 2092-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2102-[({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 2112-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2123-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 2132-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2142-({p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2152-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid 2163-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 2172-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2182-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2192-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2202-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2212-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2222-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 2232-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2242-[({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2252-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2262-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2272-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid 2282-({p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2292-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2302-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2312-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 2322-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2333-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2342-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2352-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 2362-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2373-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2382-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2392-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2403-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2412-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2422-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2432-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2443-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2452-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2462-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2472-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 2482-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2493-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2502-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2512-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 2522-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-3-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2533-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2542-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2552-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2563-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2572-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2582-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2592-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2603-Cyclopropyl-2-{5-[3-fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2612-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-fluoro-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2622-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}propionic acid 2632-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)propionic acid 2643-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2653-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2662-Benzyl-3-{5-[3-cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}propionic acid 2672-Benzyl-3-(5-{4-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)propionic acid 2683-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2693-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-2-(cyclopropylmethyl)propionic acid 2702-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2712-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2722-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2732-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2742-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-phenylpropionic acid 2752-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 2762-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2772-(5-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-cyano-5-isoxazolyl}-2-pyridyloxy)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 2783-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}-4-phenylbutyric acid 2794-Cyclopropyl-3-{p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]benzoylamino}butyric acid 2803-[({p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyric acid 2814-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 2823-({p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyric acid 2834-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 2843-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}-4-phenylbutyric acid 2854-Cyclopropyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridylamino}butyric acid 2863-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}-4-phenylbutyric acid 2874-Cyclopropyl-3-{5-[3-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyloxy}butyric acid 2882-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid 289 1-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2901-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2912-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoic acid 2922-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoic acid 2931-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2941-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2951-{3-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2961-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2971-{2-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2981-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2991-{2-Chloro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3001-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3011-(4-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}tolyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3021-[4-(p-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}phenyl)tolyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3031-(p-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3041-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3051-(p-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3061-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3071-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3081-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3091-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3101-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3111-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3121-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3131-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3141-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3151-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3161-(p-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3171-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3181-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3191-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3201-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3211-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3221-(p-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3231-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3241-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3251-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3261-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-3-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3271-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3282-{p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 3293-Cyclopropyl-2-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}propionic acid 3302-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropionic acid 3312-(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 3322-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 3333-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3342-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-phenylpropionic acid 3352-{[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methyl]amino}-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 3362-({p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 3373-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 3382-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-phenylpropionic acid 3392-[(p-{4-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-1-methyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl}phenyl)methoxy]-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid 3403-{p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}-4-phenylbutyric acid 3414-Cyclopropyl-3-{p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoylamino}butyric acid 3423-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyric acid 3434-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 3443-({p-[1-Methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyric acid 3454-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1-methyl-5-methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 3463-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 347 3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3484-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid 3493-phenoxy-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)oxazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 350 3-Phenyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3513-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3523-Phenyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 3534-Phenyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid 3544-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,3-oxazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 3552-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 3563-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3572-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 3582-[[4-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)imidazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 3592-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 3603-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3612-({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 3623-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 3633-[({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyric acid 3644-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 3653-({p-[1-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyric acid 3664-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 3672-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 3683-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3692-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 3702-[[4-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 3712-[({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-3-phenylpropionic acid 3723-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3732-({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-3-phenylpropionic acid 3743-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 3753-[({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]-4-phenylbutyric acid 3764-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 3773-({p-[1,2-Dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)-4-phenylbutyric acid 3784-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[1,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-4-yl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 3793-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 3803-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3814-phenyl-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid 382 3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3833-Phenyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3843-Cyclopropyl-2-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]propionic acid 3853-Phenyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionicacid 386 3-Cyclopropyl-2-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)propionic acid 3874-Phenyl-3-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 3884-Cyclopropyl-3-[({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methyl)amino]butyric acid 3894-Phenyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)butyricacid 390 4-Cyclopropyl-3-({p-[5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]phenyl}methoxy)butyric acid 3912-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoic acid 3923-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3932-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-4-phenyl-butanoic acid 3942-[[4-[6-methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenoxy-propanoic acid 3953-phenyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 3963-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3974-phenyl-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid 398 3-phenoxy-2-[[4-[4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 3993-phenyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 400 3-cyclopropyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid 4014-phenyl-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]butanoicacid 4023-phenoxy-2-[[4-[3-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid 4031-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 404(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid 4051-(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 406[1-(1-{p-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4071-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 408(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4091-(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 410[1-(1-{5-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4111-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 412(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid 4131-(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 414[1-(1-{p-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4151-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 416(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4171-(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 418[1-(1-{5-[3-Fluoro-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4191-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 420(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid 4211-(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 422[1-(1-{p-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4231-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 424(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4251-(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 426[1-(1-{5-[3-Cyano-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4271-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid 428(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid 4291-(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 430[1-(1-{p-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4311-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylicacid 432(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)aceticacid 4331-(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 434[1-(1-{5-[5-(1-Phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4351-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 436(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4371-(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 438[1-(1-{p-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4391-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 440(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4411-(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 442[1-(1-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4431-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 444(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4451-(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 446[1-(1-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4471-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 448(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4491-(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 450[1-(1-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4511-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 452(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4531-(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 454[1-(1-{p-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid 4551-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid 456(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)acetic acid 4571-(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 458[1-(1-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-4-piperidyl)cyclopropyl]acetic acid

EXAMPLES

HPLC Methods

HPLC traces for examples synthesized were recorded using a HPLCconsisting of Agilent HPLC pumps, degasser and UV detector, equippedwith an Agilent 1100 series auto-sampler. A MS detector (APCI) PE SciexAPI 150 EX was incorporated for purposes of recording mass spectraldata. HPLC/mass traces were obtained using one of three chromatographicmethods:

Method 1:

Column Zorbax C18, size 4.6 mm×7.5 cm; Solvent A: 0.05% TFA in water,Solvent B: 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile; Flow rate—0.7 mL/min; Gradient: 5%B to 100% B in 9 min, hold at 100% B for 4 min and 100% B to 5% B in 0.5min; UV detector—channel 1=220 nm, channel 2=254 nm.

Method 2:

Column Zorbax C18, size 4.6 mm×7.5 cm;

Solvent A: 0.05% TFA in water, Solvent B: 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile;Flow rate—0.7 mL/min; Gradient: 5% B to 100% B in 5 min, hold at 100% Bfor 2 min and 100% B to 5% B in 0.5 min; UV detector—channel 1=220 nm,channel 2=254 nm.

Method 3:

Column SunFire™ (Waters) C18, size 2.1 mm×50 mm;

Solvent A: 0.05% TFA in water, Solvent B: 0.05% TFA in acetonitrile;Flow rate—0.8 mL/min; Gradient: 10% B to 90% B in 2.4 min, hold at 90% Bfor 1.25 min and 90% B to 10% B in 0.25 min, hold at 10% B for 1.5 min.;UV detector—channel 1=220 nm, channel 2=254 nm.

Example 1:1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid Step 1: 2-(4-carboxymethyl-benzoyl)-3-oxo-butyric acid t-butylester

t-Butyl acetoacetate (15.1 mL, 89.0 mmol) was added to a suspension ofmagnesium chloride (8.48 g, 89.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (88 mL) thathad been cooled to 000° C. To the mixture was added pyridine (13.8 mL,171 mmol) and stirring continued for an additional 15 minutes.4-(Chlorocarbonyl)benzoic acid methyl ester (17.0 g, 85.6 mmol) indichloromethane (88 mL) was then added dropwise to the reaction. Thismixture was stirred at 000° C. for 90 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 90 minutes. At this time the mixture was treated with0.2M hydrochloric acid solution (10 mL). The organic layer was dilutedwith dichloromethane (70 mL), washed with 0.2M hydrochloric acidsolution (30 mL), separated, dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo. A yellow oil was obtained that was used directlyin the next step (17.1 g, 68%).

Method 2, Rt 5.4 min. MS (ESI) m/z 321.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 2: 5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester

5-(4-methylcarboxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl-carboxylic acidt-butyl ester A mixture of 2-(4-carboxymethyl-benzoyl)-3-oxo-butyricacid t-butyl ester [example 1, step 1](7.45 g, 23.2 mmol), hydroxylaminehydrochloride (5.17 g, 74.4 mmol), ethanol (46.5 mL) and water (32.2 mL)was heated at 60-62° C. for 2 hours. At this point the reaction wasallowed to cool and the resulting mixture was partitioned between ethylacetate and water. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated in vacuo. A crude product was obtained thatwas purified by silica gel chromatography initially with hexane/ethylacetate 9/1 as eluting solvent to afford5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (4.69 g, 64%)

Method 2, Rt 6.14 min. MS (ESI) m/z 318.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 3: 5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylicacid

5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester [Example 1, step 2] (6.35 g mg, 20 mmol) was dissolvedin dichloromethane (100 mL) and to this was added trifluoroacetic acid(50 mL). The mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature whenthe volatiles were removed. The product (5.2 g, 99%) was used as is inStep 4.

Method 2, Rt 4.08 min. MS (ESI) m/z 262 [M+H⁺];

Step 4:1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid methyl ester5-(4-methylcarboxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl-carboxylic acid

[Example 1, step 3] (3.91 g, 15.0 mmol) was suspended in toluene (120mL) and to this was added diisopropylethylamine (3.13 mL, 18.0 mmol). Tothe resulting solution was added diphenylphosphoryl azide (3.56 mL, 16.5mmol) and this mixture was heated to 90° C. After 15 minutes,1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethanol (2.98 mL, 22.5 mmol) was added slowly andheating maintained for 4 hours. The reaction was allowed to coolovernight. This mixture was diluted with toluene, transferred to aseparatory funnel, extracted with water. The organic layer was driedover anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield acrude product (8.34 g). The crude was purified by silica gelchromatography eluting with a gradient from 30% to 40% ethyl acetate inhexanes to afford purified product (3.59 g, 58%) as three fractions.Method 2, Rt 5.70 min. MS (ESI) m/z 415.4 [M+H⁺].

Step 5:1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid

1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid methyl ester [Example 1, step 4] (1.5 g, 3.62 mmol) was dissolvedin THF/water (1/1: 20 mL) and treated with LiOH (5.1 mL of a 1M aqueoussolution). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3hours. The reaction was acidified to pH2, transferred to a separatoryfunnel, diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. Theorganic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentratedin vacuo to afford the product (0.8 g, 55%). Method 2, Rt 4.77 min. MS(ESI) m/z 401.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 6: 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester

1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (202 mg, 2 mmol) in methanol (4 mL)was cooled to −10° C. and to this was added dropwise thionyl chloride(581 μL, 8 mmol). The mixture was allowed to warm and was then refluxedfor 2 hours. Solvents were evaporated and the residue redissolved inboiling alcohol. To the cooled solution was added diethyl ether to thepoint of turbidity when the mixture was refrigerated for 2 days. Theresulting precipitates afford the product (223 mg, 67%) that was used inStep 7.

Step 7:1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester

To1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 1, step 5] (49.8 mg, 0.12 mmol) was added1-hydroxybenzotriazole (18 mg, 0.13 mmol),N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-ethylcarbodiimide (EDCl: 25 mg, 0.13 mmol),dichloromethane (2 mL), diisopropylethylamine (52 μL, 0.30 mmol), and1-Aminocyclo-propanecarboxylic acid methyl ester [example 1, step 6](20mg, 0.13 mmol) and this mixture was stirred overnight. At this point themixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with saturatedsodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL), citric acid solution (5 mL) andwater. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to yield a crude product (101 mg). The residue waspurified by preparative TLC, eluting with a 40% mixture of ethyl acetatein hexane v/v. Following extraction of the purified band, the productwas obtained (55 mg, 92%). Method 2, Rt 4.76 min. MS (ESI) m/z 498.4[M+H⁺].

Step 8:1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester [example 1, step 7](55 mg, 0.11 mmol) was dissolved ina 1:1 mixture of THF/water and treated with lithium hydroxide (8 mg,0.33 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2days. At this point the pH was adjusted to 2 with hydrochloric acid andthe mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×20 mL). The organiclayer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuoto yield a crude product (190 mg). The residue was purified bypreparative TLC, eluting with a 45% mixture of acetone indichloromethane v/v. Following extraction of the purified band, theproduct was obtained (22 mg, 41%).

Method 2, Rt 4.30 min. MS (ESI) m/z 484.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 2:2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid Step 1: 2-Amino-2-indancarboxylic acid methyl ester

2-Amino-2-indancarboxylic acid methyl ester was prepared according to asimilar procedure as described for example 1, step 6 from2-Amino-2-indancarboxylic acid hydrochloride (214 mg, 1 mmol) that wasused directly. Yield 155 mg (68%)

Step 2:2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid methyl ester

2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid methyl ester was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 1, step 7 from1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 1, step 5] (49.8 mg, 0.12 mmol) and2-amino-2-indancarboxylic acid methyl ester [example 2, step 1]. Yield55 mg, (81%). Method 2, Rt 5.49 min. MS (ESI) m/z 574.6 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid

2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid was prepared according to a similar procedure as described forexample 1, step 8 from2-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-indan-2-carboxylicacid methyl ester [example 2, step 7](55 mg, 0.11 mmol). Yield 6 mg,(11%). Method 2, Rt 5.00 min. MS (ESI) m/z 560.3[M+H⁺].

Example 3:2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid Step 1

L-phenylglycine methyl ester was prepared according to a similarprocedure as described for example 1, step 6 from L-phenylglycine (756mg, 5 mmol) that was used directly. Yield 480 mg (58%).

Step 2:2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid methyl ester

2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid methyl ester was prepared according to a similarprocedure as described for example 1, step 7 from1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 1, step 5]((58.1 mg, 0.14 mmol) and L-phenylglycine methylester [Example 3, step 1] which was used without purification. Yield 60mg (76%) Method 2, Rt 5.41 min. MS (ESI) m/z 548.6 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid

2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 1, step 8 from2-(S)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl acetic acid methyl ester [example 3, step 2](60 mg, 0.11 mmol).Yield 4 mg (11%). Method 2, Rt 4.90 min. MS (ESI) m/z 534.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 4:2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid Step 1: D-phenylalanine methyl ester

D-phenylalanine methyl ester was prepared according to a similarprocedure as described for example 1, step 6 from D-phenylalanine (1.12g, 7 mmol). Yield 650 mg (53%).

Step 2:2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid methyl ester

2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid methyl ester was prepared according to a similarprocedure as described for example 1, step 7 from1-(4-{4-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 1, step 5] (58.1 mg, 0.14 mmol) and D-phenylalanine methylester [example 4, step 1] to yield the product (40 mg, 49%) which wasused directly. Method 2, Rt 5.6 min. MS (ESI) m/z 562.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid

2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 1, step 8 from2-(R)-(4-{4-[(R,S)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)phenyl propanoic acid methyl ester [example 4, step 2](40 mg, 0.07mmol). Yield 8 mg (21%). Method 2, Rt 4.94 min. MS (ESI) m/z 548.5[M+H⁺].

Example5—2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid Step 1:2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid methyl ester

2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid methyl ester was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 1, step 4 from5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid[Example 1, step 3](1.55 g, 5.9 mmol) and 1-(R)-(+)-phenyl-ethanol.Yield 1.18 g (52%).

Step 2:2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid

2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid was prepared according to a similar procedure as described forexample 1, step 5 from2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid methyl ester [Example 5, step 1] (1.5 g, 3.62 mmol). Yield 1.04 g,(91%). Method 3, Rt 2.72 min. MS (ESI) m/z 367.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid methyl ester

2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid methyl ester was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 1, step 7 from2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoicacid [Example 5, step 2] (64.7 mg, 0.18 mmol) and D-phenylalanine methylester [example 4, step 1]. Yield 100 mg, 92%).

Method 3, Rt 3.04 min. MS (ESI) m/z 528.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid (sodium salt)

2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid was prepared according to a similar procedure as described forexample 1, step 8 from2(R)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid methyl ester [example 5, step 3](100 mg, 0.19 mmol). The crudematerial (21 mg) was dissolved in methanol and treated with 1N sodiumhydroxide (40 μL) before drying to afford the product as its sodium salt(22 mg, 22%). Method 3, Rt 3.04 min. MS (ESI) m/z 514.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 6:2(S)-[[4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)isoxazol-5-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analagous procedure tothat described for example 5 from5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid[Example 1, step 3] (64.7 mg, 0.18 mmol) and L-phenylalanine methylester to afford the product as its sodium salt (18 mg, 18%). Method 3 Rt3.05 min. MS (ESI) m/z 514.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 7:(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid Step 1:5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester and3-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester

4-(2-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-3-oxo-butyryl)-benzoic acid methyl ester[Example 1, Step 1](crude 76.0 g, 208.8 mmol on 100% purity basis) wasdissolved in ethanol (2.2 L). Methyl hydrazine (9.72 g, 210.9 mmol) wasadded to the above solution dropwise under stirring at room temperature.The reaction mixture was stirred another 3 hrs at RT after finishing theaddition. The completion of reaction was confirmed by LC/MS. The solventwas removed under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (700 mL)and washed with water (2×500 mL). The organics were dried over Na₂SO₄,filtered and evaporated. Mixture of products obtained as an oil, whichwas used in the next step without further purification. Crude yield 72.6g. Method 3, Rt 3.12 min. MS (ESI) m/z 331.0 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidand 3-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylicacid

A mixture of5-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester and3-(4-Methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester [Example 7, Step 1] (5.00 g., 15.13 mmol) was dissolvedinto CH₂Cl₂ (120.0 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (40.0 mL) was added andthe reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h at room temperature. Thevolatiles were removed under vacuum. The residue was dissolved intoethyl acetate (50.0 mL). It was then extracted with saturated aq. Na₂CO₃solution (40 mL). Separated aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate(2×20 mL). Then it was treated with 1 M HCl to pH 2. Then it wasextracted with ethyl acetate (2×35 mL), dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered andconcentrated to yield white solid mixture of acids (3.0 g., 72%). TLC onsilica plate (15% acetone in DCM): two fluorescent spots of two isomersRf: 0.2 and Rf: 0.125. Method 3, Rt 2.94 min. MS (ESI) m/z 275.0 [M+H⁺];

Step 3:4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester and4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester

The mixture of acid isomers [Example 7, Step 2] (6.0 g., 21.88 mmol),was suspended in anhydrous toluene (180.0 mL), under nitrogen andstirring. Then diisopropylethyl amine (3.39 g., 26.24 mmol) was added. Aclear solution was generated to which diphenyl phosphoryl azide 7.22 g,26.24 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to 95° C. Then(R)-(+)-1-phenylethyl alcohol (4.008 g, 32.8 mmol) was added dropwise at95° C. over a period of 40 minutes. Then the reaction mixture was heatedfor an additional 5 hr at 95° C., followed by stirring at roomtemperature overnight. Next day it was diluted with EtOAc (300 mL),washed with sat. aq. Na₂CO₃ solution (200.0 mL) and water (2×500 mL),dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated to yield crude oily carbamate(12.5 g). The crude was purified by column chromatography (SiO₂),initial elution with DCM (250 mL) and then gradient elution Acetone:DCM(2% acetone in DCM to 10% acetone in DCM). Two pure isomers wereobtained. Fast moving isomer (1.667 g, 19.4%) and slow moving isomer(2.132 g, 24.77%) were obtained [>95% by HPLC purity]. A fractioncontaining a mixture of isomers (0.812 g, 9.4%) was obtained. A) Slowmoving spot: Method 3, Rt 2.78 min. MS (ESI) m/z 394.2 [M+H⁺];tentatively assigned as(R)-4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester. B) Fast moving spot: Method 3, Rt 2.80 min. MS (ESI)m/z 394.4 [M+H⁺]; tentatively assigned as(R)-4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester.

Step 4:4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid

4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester [Example 7, Step 3B] (240 mg, 0.61 mmol) was dissolvedin THF/water (2/1 v/v, 2.25 mL) and treated with LiOH (1.2 mL of a 1Maqueous solution, 2 eq.). The resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The reaction was acidified to pH2, diluted withwater and extracted with EtOAc (2×40 mL). The organic layer was driedover anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford theproduct (180 mg, 78%). Method 3, Rt 2.81 min. MS (ESI) m/z 380.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 5:(R)-2-{4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

To4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 7, step 4] (100 mg, 0.26 mmol) was added1-hydroxybenzotriazole (43 mg, 0.32 mmol), EDCl (67 mg, 0.34 mmol),dimethylformamide (2 mL), diisopropylethylamine (184 μL, 1.06 mmol), andD-phenylalanine methyl ester [Example 4, Step 1] (86 mg, 0.39 mmol) andthis mixture was stirred overnight. At this point the mixture wasdiluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with 1N sodium hydroxidesolution (10 mL), and water. The organic layer was dried over anhydrousMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield the crude product(193 mg), which was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting withan ethyl acetate/dichloromethane gradient to provide the title compound(95 mg, 68%). >95% by HPLC purity. Method 3, Rt 2.91 min. MS (ESI) m/z541.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 6:(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid

(R)-2-{4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 7, step 5] (95 mg, 0.176 mmol) was dissolvedin a 2:1 mixture of THF/water (2.25 mL) and treated with 1M lithiumhydroxide solution (2 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The pH of the aqueous layer was adjusted to 2with hydrochloric acid and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate(3×20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filteredand concentrated in vacuo to yield the crude product (112 mg). The crudematerial was purified by silica-gel chromatography, eluting with adichloromethane/acetone gradient. (90 mg, 97%). Method 3, Rt 2.90 min.MS (ESI) m/z 527.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 8:(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid Step 1:4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid

4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid methyl ester [Example 7, Step 3A] (240 mg, 0.61 mmol) was dissolvedin THF/water (2/1 v/v, 2.25 mL) and treated with LiOH (1.2 mL of a 1Maqueous solution, 2 eq.). The resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The reaction was acidified to pH2, transferred toa separatory funnel, diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (2×40mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford the product (205 mg, 89%). Purity is 97%by HPLC. Method 3, Rt 2.43 min. MS (ESI) m/z 380.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(R)-2-{4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 8, Step 1] (100 mg, 0.26 mmol) was added1-hydroxybenzotriazole (43 mg, 0.32 mmol), EDCl (67 mg, 0.34 mmol),dimethylformamide (2 mL), diisopropylethylamine (184 μL, 1.06 mmol), andD-phenylalanine methyl ester [Example 4, Step 1] (86 mg, 0.39 mmol) andthis mixture was stirred overnight. At this point the mixture wasdiluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with 1N sodium hydroxidesolution (10 mL), and water. The organic layer was dried over anhydrousMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield the crude product(150 mg) which was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with aethyl acetate/dichloromethane gradient to provide the product (75 mg,53%). Purity >97% by HPLC. Method 3, Rt 3.05 min. MS (ESI) m/z 541.2[M+H⁺].

Step 3:(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-phenyl-propanoicacid

(R)-2-{4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 8, step 2] (75 mg, 0.139 mmol) was dissolvedin a 2:1 mixture of THF/water (1.5 mL) and treated with 1M lithiumhydroxide solution (0.28 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The pH of the aqueous layer was adjusted to 2with hydrochloric acid and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate(3×20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filteredand concentrated in vacuo to yield the product [>95% HPLC purity] (60mg, 82%). Method 3, Rt 2.69 min. MS (ESI) m/z 527.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 9:(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid Step 1: (R)-2-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride

(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride was prepared according to a similar procedure as describedfor example 1, step 6 from D-4-Fluorophenyl alanine (1 g, 5.46 mmol).Yield 900 mg, (71%). Method 3, Rt 0.54 min. MS (ESI) m/z 198.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(R)-2-{4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester

(R)-2-{4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester was prepared according to a similar procedure asdescribed for example 7, step 5 from(R)-4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 7, Step 4] (50 mg, 0.132 mmol) and(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride [Example 9, Step 1]. Yield 59 mg (80%).

Step 3:(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid

(R)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid was prepared according to a similar procedure as described forexample 7, step 6 from(R)-2-{4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 9, Step 2] (59 mg, 0.11 mmol) to afford theproduct 55 mg (87%). Method 3, Rt 2.73 min. MS (ESI) m/z 545.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 10:(R)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 8 from4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 8, Step 1] (50 mg, 0.132 mmol) and(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride [Example 9, Step 1]. Yield 55 mg, (87%). Method 3, Rt 2.69min. MS (ESI) m/z 545.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 11:(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid Step 1:(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride

The title compound was prepared using a similar procedure as describedfor example 1, step 6 from D-4-bromophenyl alanine (1 g, 4.1 mmol).Yield 550 mg (46%). Method 3, Rt 1.70 min. MS (ESI) m/z 258.1 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 9 (steps 2 & 3) from4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 7, Step 4] and (R)-2-Amino-3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester hydrochloride [Example 11, Step 1]. Yield 30 mg (65%).Method 3, Rt 3.03 min. MS (ESI) m/z 607.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 12:(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 8 from4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 8, Step (50 mg, 0.132 mmol) and3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride [Example11, Step 1]. Yield 60 mg, (80%). Method 3, Rt 3.02 min. MS (ESI) m/z619.2 [M+H⁺].

Example 13:(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid Step 1:(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride

(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride was prepared using a similar procedure as described forexample 1, step 6 from D-4-chlorophenyl alanine (1 g, 5 mmol). Yield 940mg (75%). Method 3, Rt 0.03 min. MS (ESI) m/z 214.0 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(R,R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 9 (steps 2 & 3) from(R)-4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 7, Step 4] and (R)-2-Amino-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester hydrochloride [Example 13, Step 1]. Yield 40 mg (55%).Method 3, Rt 2.80 min. MS (ESI) m/z 561.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 14:(R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 8 from4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 8, Step 1] and (R)-2-Amino-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-propionicacid methyl ester hydrochloride [Example 8, Step 1]. Yield 40 mg(54%)Method 3, Rt 3.00 min. MS (ESI) m/z 561.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 15:(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid Step 1:(R)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride

(R)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride was prepared using a similar procedure as described forexample 1, step 6 from D-3,4-difluorophenyl alanine (1 g, 4.97 mmol).Yield 1.04 g, 83%). Method 3, Rt 0.16 min. MS (ESI) m/z 216.0 [M+H⁺];

Step 2:(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 9 (steps 2 & 3) from(R)-4-[2,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 7, Step 4] (50 mg, 0.132 mmol) and(R)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride [Example 15, Step 1]. Yield 30 mg (61%). Method 3, Rt 2.96min. MS (ESI) m/z 563.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 16:(R)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-[[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonyl-amino)pyrazol-3-yl]benzoyl]amino]propanoic acid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 8 from4-[1,5-Dimethyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 8, Step 1] (50 mg, 0.132 mmol) and(R)-2-Amino-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride [Example 15, Step 1]. Yield 20 mg (56%). Method 3, Rt 2.71min. MS (ESI) m/z 563.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 17:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid Step 1: (R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride

(R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride wasprepared using a similar procedure as described for example 1, step 6from (R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid and used directly. Yield350 mg (100%).

Step 2:4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid methyl ester

Prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 5 Step 1 using5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid[Example 1, step 3] (3.47 g, 13.28 mmol) and(R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethanol. Yield=1.81 g (4.36 mmol, 25%). HPLC (254nm): Method 3 Rt 3.31 min. MS (ESI) m/z 415.5 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:4-{4-[1-((R-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid

Prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 5, Step 2 using4-{4-[1-((R)-2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid methyl ester [Example 17, step 2](1.81 g, 4.46 mmol). Yield=1.70 g(4.25 mmol, 95%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.01 min. MS (ESI) m/z401.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(R)-2-(4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 5 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) and(R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride[Example 17, step 1]. Yield 22 mg (34%). Method 3, Rt 3.27 min. MS (ESI)m/z 512.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 18:(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid Step 1:4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoicacid

4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoicacid was prepared in analogous fashion to example 17 [steps & 3] from5-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid[Example 1, step 3] (1 g, 3.3 mmol) and (S)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethanol.Yield=800 mg (2.19 mmol, 60%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.67 min. MS(ESI) m/z 367.4 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(S,R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 5 from(S)-4-[3-Methyl-4-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 18, step 2] (61 mg, 0.12 mmol) and D-phenylalanine methylester hydrochloride. Yield=30 mg (0.06 mmol, 49%). HPLC (254 nm): Method3 Rt 3.05 min. MS (ESI) m/z 514.5 [M+H+].

Example 19:(S)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 18 from4-[3-Methyl-4-((S)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzoicacid [Example 18, step 2] (61 mg, 0.12 mmol) and L-phenylalanine methylester hydrochloride. Yield=22 mg (0.04 mmol, 36%). HPLC (254 nm): Method3 Rt 2.87 min. MS (ESI) m/z 514.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 20:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-phenylalanine methylester. Yield=65 mg (0.12 mmol, 77%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.93min. MS (ESI) m/z 566.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 21:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-4-fluorophenylalaninemethyl ester. Yield=65 mg (0.12 mmol, 77%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 566.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 22(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-4-chlorophenylalaninemethyl ester. Yield=64 mg (0.11 mmol, 74%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt3.11 min. MS (ESI) m/z 583.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 23:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) andD-3,4-difluorophenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=41 mg(0.07 mmol, 47%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.96 min. MS (ESI) m/z584.1 [M+H⁺].

Example 24:(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[1-((R)-2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-2-chlorophenylalaninemethyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=41 mg (0.07 mmol, 47%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.06 min. MS (ESI) m/z 584.2 [M+H⁺].

Example 25:(R)-3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-4-bromophenylalaninemethyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=65 mg (0.10 mmol, 35%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.28 min. MS (ESI) m/z 626.3, 628.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 26:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-2-fluorophenylalaninemethyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=70 mg (0.12 mmol, 52%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.12 min. MS (ESI) m/z 566.5, 567.8 [M+H⁺].

Example 27:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-p-tolyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[(R)-1-(4-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-4-methylphenylalaninemethyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=37 mg (0.07 mmol, 43%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.13 min. MS (ESI) m/z 562.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 28:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[(R)-1-(4-bromo-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) andD-4-trifluoromethylphenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=40 mg(0.06 mmol, 44%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.00 min. MS (ESI) m/z616.2 [M+H⁺].

Example 29:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-(4-cyano-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared according to an analogous procedure tothat described for example 17 from4-{4-[(R)-1-(4-bromo-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzoicacid [Example 17, step 3] (60 mg, 0.15 mmol) and D-4-cyanophenylalaninemethyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=17 mg (0.03 mmol, 20%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 573.2 [M+H⁺].

Example 30:(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid Step 1: 2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidethyl ester

A solution of trichloroacetyl chloride (12.92 mL, 115.8 mmol) indichloromethane (30 mL) was cooled to −10° C. under a nitrogenatmosphere. A solution of ethyl propenyl ether (12.82 mL, 115.8 mmol)and pyridine (9.36 mL, 115.8 mmol) was added dropwise at a rate tomaintain the internal temperature at −10° C. After addition wascomplete, the reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 24hours. The mixture was filtered and the solids were washed withdichloromethane (50 mL). The filtrates were evaporated to dryness undervacuum to yield an oil (31.71 g). This material was dissolved in ethanol(400 mL) and treated with 4-cyanophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (24.81 g,139 mmol). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 3 hours and thencooled to room temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo, theresidue was dissolved in EtOAc (1 L) and washed with 1 N aqueous HClsolution (2×300 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with water,dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo toobtain a yellow solid (27.8 g). This was triturated with EtOAc (130 mL)and the remaining solids removed by filtration (do not contain product).The filtrates were concentrated to 50 mL volume and the precipitatedsolids were filtered (do not contain product). The filtrates wereconcentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with a100/0 to 88/12 hexanes/acetone gradient. Collected fractions containinga mixture of the two isomeric products, which were concentrated todryness and triturated with methanol to yield the desired isomer[2-(4-cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester]as a yellow solid (3.77 g, 14.8 mmol, 13%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 256.3 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.73 (d,J=8.5 Hz, 2H); 7.58 (s, 1H); 7.52 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H); 4.27 (q, J=7.1 Hz,2H); 2.35 (s, 3H); 1.26 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).

Step 2: 2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid

A stirred solution of2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester[Example 30, step 1](500 mg, 1.96 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was treated withLiOH 1 N aqueous solution (10 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirredat room temperature for 6 hours, after which time analysis by HPLC/MSindicates approximately 60% conversion to product. The reaction mixturewas diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washed with 1 N aqueous NaOHsolution (100 mL). The organic layer contained unreacted startingmaterial. The aqueous layer was acidified to pH 1 with 1 N HCl aqueoussolution and the resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate(100 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the pure product as a whitesolid (289 mg, 1.27 mmol, 65%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.56 min. MS(ESI) m/z 228.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 3: [2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester

2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid [Example 30,step 2] (218 mg, 0.96 mmol) was suspended in toluene (10 mL) and treatedwith diisopropylethylamine (200 μL, 1.16 mmol). The resulting solutionwas treated with diphenylphosphoryl azide (230 μL, 1.06 mmol) and heatedto 65° C. (R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethanol (227 mg, 1.44 mmol) was addedto the reaction mixture and the temperature was increased to 105° C. for30 minutes, during which time vigorous gas evolution was observed. Thereaction was brought to 65° C. and stirred at that temperature for 4hours. The reaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. After cooling, thevolatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified bysilica gel chromatography, eluting with a hexanes/ethyl acetategradient. Product was isolated as a white solid (120 mg, 0.31 mmol,33%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.84 min. MS (ESI) m/z 381.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoicacid

A solution containing(R)-[2-(4-Cyano-phenyl)-4-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (120 mg, 0.32 mmol) and THF (1.5 mL) wastreated with a 1 N aqueous LiOH solution (1.5 mL) and the resultingmixture was stirred at room temperature for 36 hours, followed byheating to 45° C. for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted withethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with 1 N aqueous NaOH solution (50 mL).The aqueous layer was acidified to pH 1 with 1 N HCl aqueous solutionand the resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL).The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filteredand concentrated in vacuo to afford the pure product as a white solid.Yield=62 mg (0.16 mmol, 49%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.14 min. MS(ESI) m/z 399.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoicacid (62 mg, 0.16 mmol), was dissolved in DMF (1.4 mL) and treated withdi-isopropylethylamine (112 μL, 0.62 mmol) under nitrogen. EDCl (40 mg,0.20 mmol) and HOBt (26 mg, 0.19 mmol) was added and the resultingmixture was stirred for 30 minutes. D-Phenylalanine methyl esterhydrochloride (50 mg, 0.23 mmol) was added and the resulting mixturestirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was diluted withEtOAc (50 mL) and transferred to a separatory funnel. The organics werewashed with 1 N HCl aqueous solution and brine, dried over anhydrousMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue waspurified by preparative TLC plate (1000 μm), eluting with a 7:3 v/vhexanes/ethyl acetate mixture. The product was obtained as a whitesolid. Yield=35 mg (0.06 mmol, 39%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.28min. MS (ESI) m/z 561.3, 563.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid

A solution containing(R)-2-(4-{5-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl}-benzoylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester (35 mg, 0.06 mmol), and THF (1 mL) was treated with a1 N aqueous LiOH solution (125 μL) and the resulting mixture was stirredat room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted withethyl acetate (50 mL) and acidified to pH 1 with 1 N HCl aqueoussolution. The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the pure product as a whitesolid. Yield=20 mg (0.04 mmol, 61%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.19min. MS (ESI) m/z 547.6, 550.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 31:(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid Step 1: 5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester

A stirred suspension of MgCl₂ (2.97 g, 31.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (30mL) under nitrogen was treated dropwise with tert-butyl acetoacetate(5.17 mL, 31.2 mmol) and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0° C. Themixture was stirred at that temperature for 15 minutes and then treatedwith dropwise addition of pyridine (4.85 mL, 60.0 mmol). After 15minutes, a solution of 4-(chloromethyl)benzoyl chloride (5.67 g, 30.0mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was added dropwise. The resultingmixture was maintained at 0° C. for 1 hour and then at room temperaturefor an additional hour. The reaction was quenched with careful additionof water (100 mL) and the mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel. The organic layer was washed with a 1 N HCl aqueous solution(2×100 mL) then dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated invacuo. The crude residue was dissolved in ethanol (60 mL) and treatedwith a solution of NH₂OH.HCl (6.67 g, 96.0 mmol) in water (13 mL). Thismixture was heated to 60° C. for 2 hours and at room temperatureovernight. A thick white precipitate formed which was filtered, rinsedwith ethanol and air-dried. The mother liquor was concentrated andcooled to 0° C. to yield a second crop of solid which was filtered andair-dried. Combined yield=5.82 g (19.0 mmol, 63%). HPLC (254 nm): Method3 Rt 3.49 min. MS (ESI) m/z 308.4 [M+H⁺].

Step 2: 5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid

5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (4.61 g, 15.0 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane(7.5 mL) and treated with trifluoroacetic acid (7.5 mL). The resultingmixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours, after which timethe reaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. The volatiles were removedin vacuo to yield the crude product as a white solid (3.8 g, 15.0 mmol,quant.), which was used as is in the next step.

Step 3: [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester

5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid (3.0 g,12.0 mmol) was suspended in toluene (120 mL) and treated withtriethylamine (2.02 mL, 14.4 mmol). The resulting solution was treatedwith diphenylphosphoryl azide (2.85 mL, 13.2 mmol) and heated to 65° C.(R)-1-(phenyl)-ethanol (1.9 g, 15.6 mmol) was added to the reactionmixture and the temperature was increased to 105° C. for 30 minutes,during which time vigorous gas evolution was observed. The reaction wasbrought to 65° C. and stirred at that temperature for 4 hours. Thereaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. After cooling, the volatileswere removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by silica gelchromatography, eluting with a hexanes/ethyl acetate gradient. Productisolated as a white solid (3.16 g, 8.52 mmol, 71%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.02 min. MS (ESI) m/z 371.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

A solution containing[5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester (74 mg, 0.2 mmol), DMF (2 mL) and triethylamine(224 μL, 1.6 mmol) was treated with D-phenylalanine methyl esterhydrochloride (173 mg, 0.80 mmol) and heated to 80° C. for 3 hours. Thereaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. The reaction was cooled,partitioned between EtOAc and water and transferred to a separatoryfunnel. The organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude yellowoily residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with ahexanes/EtOAc gradient. The product was obtained as a colorless film (77mg, 0.15 mmol, 75%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.67 min. MS (ESI) m/z514.4 [M+H⁺].

Step 5:(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid

A solution containing(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester (77 mg, 0.15 mmol) and THF (1.5 mL) was treated with a1 N aqueous LiOH solution (1.5 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirredat room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted withethyl acetate (50 mL) and acidified to pH ˜5 with 1 N HCl aqueoussolution. The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was triturated withdiethyl ether to afford the pure product as a white solid (9 mg, 0.018mmol, 12%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.74 min. MS (ESI) m/z 500.5[M+H⁺].

Example 32:(R)-3-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3](100 mg, 0.27 mmol), andD-2-fluorophenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=10 mg (0.02mmol, 7%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.64 min. MS (ESI) m/z 518.4[M+H⁺].

Example 33:(R)-2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3](100 mg, 0.27 mmol), andD-4-trifluoromethylphenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=18mg (0.03 mmol, 11%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.10 min. MS (ESI) m/z568.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 34:(R)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3](100 mg, 0.27 mmol), and(R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride[Example 17, step 1]. Yield=13 mg (0.03 mmol, 35%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 2.82 min. MS (ESI) m/z 464.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 35:(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3](100 mg, 0.27 mmol), andD-2-chlorophenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=38 mg (0.07mmol, 27%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.05 min. MS (ESI) m/z 534.2[M+H⁺].

Example 36:(R)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzylamino}-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3](100 mg, 0.27 mmol), andD-4-chlorophenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=8 mg (0.01mmol, 5%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.13 min. MS (ESI) m/z 534.4[M+H⁺].

Example 37:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid Step 1: [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamicacid (R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester

[5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester was prepared in analogous fashion asin Example 31, steps 1-3 from5-(4-chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid [Example31, step 2](1.95 g, 7.75 mmol) and (R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-ethanol (1.82g, 11.62 mmol). Yield=1.33 g (3.28 mmol, 42%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3Rt 3.31 min. MS (ESI) m/z 405.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 2:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31,steps 4 from [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamicacid (R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester [Example 37, step 1] (101 mg,0.25 mmol) and D-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=45 mg(0.08 mmol, 33%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.90 min. MS (ESI) m/z548.5 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid

Prepared in analogous fashion as in Example J, Step 5 using thefollowing reagents and amounts:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 37, step 2] (45 mg, 0.08 mmol). Yield=6 mg(0.01 mmol, 14%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.69 min. MS (ESI) m/z534.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 38:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)_1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester [Example 37, step 1](101 mg, 0.25mmol), and D-2-fluorophenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=30mg (0.05 mmol, 22%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.57 min. MS (ESI) m/z552.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 39:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester [Example 37, step 1](101 mg, 0.25mmol), and D-4-trifluoromethylphenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride.Yield=38 mg (0.06 mmol, 25%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.06 min. MS(ESI) m/z 602.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 40:(R)-3-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester [Example 37, step 1](101 mg, 0.25mmol), and D-2-chlorophenyl-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride. Yield=8mg (0.01 mmol, 5%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.78 min. MS (ESI) m/z569.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 41:(R)-2-(4-{4-[(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-3-methyl-isoxazol-5-yl}-benzylamino)-3-cyclopropyl-propionicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 31using [5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester [Example 37, step 1](101 mg, 0.25mmol), and (R)-2-Amino-3-cyclopropylpropionic acid methyl esterhydrochloride [Example 17, step 1]. Yield=8 mg (0.01 mmol, 3%). HPLC(254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.80 min. MS (ESI) m/z 498.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 42:2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid Step 1:{p-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methylacetate

[5-(4-Chloromethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 31, step 3] (1 g, 2.8 mmole) was mixedwith potassium acetate (2 g, 14 mmol) and sodium iodide (0.5 g, 2.8mmole) and to this was added N,N-dimethylacetamide (20 mL). The mixturewas sonicated and then heated to 80° C. for 1.5 hrs. The mixture wascooled to room temperature and partitioned between saturated sodiumchloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was furtherwashed with water 4 times and then saturated sodium chloride solutionbefore drying over magnesium sulfate. The filtered solution wasevaporated to give a solid that was used directly. Yield=0.94 g (2.4mmol, 87%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.89 min. MS (ESI) m/z 395.3[M+H⁺].

Step 2: [5-(4-Hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamicacid (R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester

{p-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-5-isoxazolyl]phenyl}methylacetate [Example 42, step 1](0.94 g, 2.4 mmole) was dissolved in THF (20mL) and methanol (20 mL) and to this was added potassium carbonate (981mg, 7.1 mmole). The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 1.5 hoursat room temperature when LC/MS indicated formation of a single product[HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 353.2 [M+H⁺].Solvents were evaporated and the residue was partitioned betweensaturated sodium chloride solution and ethyl acetate. The organic phasewas dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to give aresidue that was chromatographed in a gradient of 0-50% ethyl acetate inhexanes to afford the product. Yield 0.63 g (1.79 mmole, 74%).

Step 3: Methyl-2-diazo-phenylpropanoate

D-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (2 g, 9.3 mmole) waspartitioned between saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and ethylacetate. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate, filteredand evaporated to give a residue that was used directly. D-phenylalaninemethyl ester (836 mg, 4.7 mmole) was dissolved in chloroform (20 mL) andacetic acid (0.055 mL, 0.94 mmole) was added. The solution was warmed toreflux with the slow drop wise addition of isoamyl nitrite (0.76 mL, 5.6mmole) which was complete prior to solvent boiling. The mixture wasrefluxed for a further 30 minutes to afford a yellow solution that wascooled to 000° C. The organic solution was washed with 1N sulfuric acid(25 mL), water (20 mL), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (25 mL),water (25 mL) and 1N sulfuric acid (25 mL). The organic phase was driedover magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to give a residue thatwas chromatographed in a gradient of 0-5% ethyl acetate in hexanes toafford the product. Yield 0.65 g (3.4 mmole, 72%).

Step 4:2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester

[5-(4-Hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 42, step 2] (100 mg, 0.28 mmole) andMethyl-2-diazo-phenylpropanoate [Example 42, step 3] (61 mg, 0.39 mmole)were suspended in benzene (3 mL) in a screw cap vial. To this was addeddiRhodium tetraacetate (1 mg, 0.002 mmole). After 10 minutes at roomtemperature the vial was heated to 90° C. for 1 hour. The mixture wascooled to room temperature and the mixture chromatographed in a gradientof 0-20% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford the product. Yield=52 mg(0.1 mmol, 36%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.56 min. MS (ESI) m/z 515.5[M+H⁺].

Step 5:2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid

2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid methyl ester (52 mg, 0.10 mmole) was dissolved in 2/1 v/v THF/water(4.5 mL) and the mixture stirred for 24 hours. The reaction mixture wasdiluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with saturated sodiumbicarbonate solution. The aqueous layer was acidified to pH 3 with 6 NHCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated,dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Theresidue was co-evaporated with diethyl ether to afford the pure productas a white solid (22 mg, 0.043 mmol, 44%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt3.03 min. MS (ESI) m/z 501.5 [M+H⁺].

Example 43:2-{4-[3-Methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-3-phenyl-propionicacid

Example 43 was prepared in analogous fashion to example 42 from[5-(4-Hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 42, step 2] (100 mg, 0.28 mmole)dissolved in 15% THF in benzene (1.15 mL) usingMethyl-2-diazo-phenylpropanoate that was synthesized fromL-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (2 g, 9.3 mmole). Yield 20 mg(0.04 mmole, 14%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.96 min. MS (ESI) m/z501.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 44:(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid Step 1: D,L-2-amino-cyclopropylpropanoic acid methyl ester

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 1, step 6 fromD,L-2-amino-cyclopropylpropanoic acid (500 mg, 3.87 mmole). The cruderesidue was partitioned between saturated sodium bicarbonate solutionand ethyl acetate. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate,filtered and evaporated to give a residue that was used directly. Yield295 mg (2.06 mmole, 53%)

Step 2: R,S Methyl-2-diazo-cyclopropylpropanoate

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 3 fromD,L-2-amino-cyclopropylpropanoic acid methyl ester (295 mg, 2.06 mmole)and used directly. Yield 200 mg (1.29 mmole, 62%)

Step 3:(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid methyl ester

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 4 from[5-(4-Hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 42, step 2](90 mg, 0.25 mmole)dissolved in 15% THF in benzene (1 mL) and R,SMethyl-2-diazo-cyclopropylpropanoate [Example 44, step 2] (118 mg, 0.75mmole]. Yield 50 mg (0.1 mmole, 40%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.99min. MS (ESI) m/z 479.1 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 5 from(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 44, step 3] (50 mg, 0.1 mmole). Yield 21 mg(0.1 mmole, 40%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.06 min. MS (ESI) m/z 465[M+H⁺].

Example 45:(RS)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonyloxy)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid Step 1: D,L-2-Amino-3(4-chlorophenyl)propanoic acid methyl ester

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 1, step 6 fromD,L-2-Amino-3(4-chlorophenyl)propanoic acid (600 mg, 3 mmole). The cruderesidue was partitioned between saturated sodium bicarbonate solutionand ethyl acetate. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulfate,filtered and evaporated to give a residue that was used directly. Yield698 mg (3.3 mmole, 100%)

Step 2: R,S Methyl-2-diazo-3(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 3 fromD,L-2-Amino-3(4-chlorophenyl)propanoic acid methyl ester [Example 45,step 1](698 mg, 3.3 mmole) and used directly. Yield 275 mg (1.33 mmole,40%)

Step 3:(RS)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonyloxy)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid methyl ester

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 4 from[5-(4-Hydroxymethyl-phenyl)-3-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl]-carbamic acid(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 42, step 2](90 mg, 0.25 mmole)dissolved in 15% THF in benzene (1 mL) and R,SMethyl-2-diazo-3(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate [Example 45, step 2] (200 mg,0.89 mmole). Yield 55 mg (0.1 mmole, 40%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt3.49 min. MS (ESI) m/z 549.6 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(RS)-3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonyloxy)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid

Prepared in analogous fashion to Example 42, step 5 from(RS)-3-Cyclopropyl-2-{4-[3-methyl-4-((R)-1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-isoxazol-5-yl]-benzyloxy}-propionicacid methyl ester [Example 44, step 3] (55 mg, 0.1 mmole). Yield 20 mg(0.04 mmole, 37%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.26 min. MS (ESI) m/z 535[M+H⁺].

Example 46:2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid Step 1—5-amino-1-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-4-carbonitrile

(4-bromophenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride (2.24 g, 10 mmol) was suspendedin ethanol (20 mL) and treated with triethylamine (1.53 mL, 11 mmol).The resulting solution was then treated with malononitrile (1.22 g, 10mmol) added portionwise. After a small exotherm was observed, thereaction was heated to reflux for 1 hour. The reaction was cooled toroom temperature; the solids were collected by vacuum filtration andrinsed with cold ethanol. The solids were air-dried. Yield=0.93 g, 3.5mmol (35%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 2, Rt 5.82 min. MS (ESI) m/z 265[M+H⁺]; 263 [M+H⁺]; 184 [(M−Br)+H⁺].

Step 2—1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethylN-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-cyano-pyrazol-3-yl]carbamate

A solution of 5-amino-1-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-4-carbonitrile [Example46, step 1](26 mg, 0.1 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (1 mL) was treated withtriethylamine (28 μL, 0.2 mmol), followed by phosgene (100 μL of a 20%v/v solution in toluene, 0.2 mmol est.). The resulting solution wasstirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.(±)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethanol (23 mg, 0.15 mmol) was added and theresulting mixture stirred at room temperature overnight. The reactionwas concentrated in vacuo to remove volatiles, and the residue waspurified by chromatography on silica-gel, eluting with a 4:1 mixture ofhexanes/ethyl acetate v/v. The product was obtained as a colorless film.Yield=27 mg (0.06 mmol, 61%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 1, Rt 6.31 min. MS(ESI) m/z 447 [M+H⁺]; 445 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) (7.90 (s, 1H);7.57 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H); 7.37-7.35 (m, 1H); 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H); 7.27(m, 3H); 6.70 (br, 1H); 6.14 (q, J=6.5 Hz, 1H); 1.54 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H).

Step 3—ethyl2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]acetate

In a pressure vessel, 1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethylN-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-cyano-pyrazol-3-yl]carbamate [Example 46, step 2](80 mg, 0.18 mmol) was dissolved in a 2:1 v/v mixture of toluene andethanol (2 mL) and treated with Na₂CO₃ (0.6 mL of a 2N aqueous solution)and [4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxo-ethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (75 mg, 0.36 mmol). Theresulting mixture was degassed under Ar for 15 minutes, then treatedwith Pd[Ph₃P]₄ (8 mg, 0.007 mmol). The vessel was capped and immersed inan oil bath at 80° C., with vigorous magnetic stirring. Reaction wasdeemed complete after 14 hours. Reaction cooled to room temperature andpartitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer waswashed with water and brine. The combined aqueous layers wereback-extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers weredried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Theresidue was purified by chromatography on silica-gel, eluting with a 4:1mixture of hexanes/ethyl acetate v/v. The product was obtained as awhite solid. Yield=82 mg (0.16 mmol, 89%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 1, Rt6.94 min. MS (ESI) m/z 529.3 [M+H⁺]; 485.1 [(M−EtO)+H⁺].

Step 4:2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid

Ethyl2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]acetate[Example 46, step 3] (45 mg, 0.085 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL) andtreated with LiOH (1 mL of a 1M aqueous solution). The resulting mixturewas stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction wastransferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with water and extractedwith ethyl acetate. The organic layer was discarded and the aqueouslayer was brought to pH 2 with a 0.1 N HCl solution. The product wasextracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrousMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield a white solid as thepure product. Yield=42 mg (0.085 mmol, quantitative). HPLC (254 nm):Method 1, Rt 6.99 min. MS (ESI) m/z 501.3 [M+H⁺]; 457.2 [(M−CO₂H)+H⁺].¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 12.39 (br, 1H); 10.42 (br, 1H); 8.31 (s,1H); 7.82 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H); 7.67 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H); 7.56 (d, J=8.6 Hz,2H); 7.43 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H); 7.39 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H); 7.33-7.29 (m, 3H);5.94 (q, J=6.5 Hz, 1H); 3.64 (s, 2H); 1.44 (br, 3H).

Example 47:(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid Step 1: 2-(4-Bromo-benzoyl)-3-oxo-butyric acid ethylester

Ethyl acetoacetate (1.97 mL, 15.6 mmole) was added to a suspension ofmagnesium chloride (1.49 g, 15.6 mmole) in dichloromethane (15 mL) thathad been cooled to 0° C. To the mixture was added pyridine (2.43 mL, 30mmole) and stirring continued for an additional 15 minutes.4-Bromobenzoyl chloride (3.29 g, 15 mmole) in dichloromethane (15 mL)was then added to the reaction. This mixture was stirred at 000° C. for15 minutes and then at room temperature for 1 hour. At this time themixture was treated with 6N hydrochloric acid solution (20 mL). Theorganic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to give a colorless oil that was used directly inthe next step.

Step 2: 3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acidethyl ester and 5-(4-Bromophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylicacid ethyl ester

2-(4-Bromo-benzoyl)-3-oxo-butyric acid ethyl ester [example 47, step 1](4.7 g, 15 mmole), methylhydrazine (0.79 mL, 15.1 mmole),p-toluenesulfonic acid (0.15 g) were mixed with ethanol (150 mL) andthis mixture was heated to 78° C. for 2 hours. At this point thereaction was allowed to cool and the resulting mixture was partitionedbetween ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. A crude product wasobtained that was purified by silica gel chromatography initially withhexane/ethyl acetate 95/5 as eluting solvent and then with hexane/ethylacetate 88/12 to afford3-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethylester (600 mg, 12%) and5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethylester (190 mg, 4%).

Step 3: 3-(4-Bromophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 3-(4-Bromophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylicacid ethyl ester [example 47, step 2] (600 mg, 1.85 mmole), 1N sodiumhydroxide solution (18.5 mL) and dioxane (18.5 mL) was stirred at 100°C. for 3 hours. Upon cooling the mixture was acidified to pH 3-4 with 3Nhydrochloric acid solution and this was extracted with ethyl acetate.The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to yield the product as a solid (422 mg, 77%).

Step 4: (R)-1-(phenyl)ethylN-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]carbamate

A suspension of 3-(4-Bromophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylicacid [example 47, step 3] (50 mg, 0.17 mmol) in toluene (1 mL) andtriethylamine (17 mg, 0.17 mmole) was treated with diphenylphosphorylazide (44 μL, 0.20 mmole) and the mixture stirred at 45° C. for 3 hoursand then 95° C. with the evolution of a gas. After 30 minutes(R)-(+)-1-phenylethanol (25 mg, 0.20 mmole) was added. Heating wascontinued for a further 1 hour before the mixture was allowed to cool.The reaction was concentrated in vacuo and the residue dissolved inethyl acetate and the solution washed with 0.1M potassium carbonatesolution and then brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrousMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford the product (64 mg,91%) that was used directly in the next step. HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt3.10 min. MS (ESI) m/z 416.2, 414.4 [M+H⁺].

Step 5:2-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester

Methyl 1-(4-bromophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate (1 g, 3.92 mmole),potassium acetate (461 mg, 4.7 mmole), and bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.19g, 4.70 mmole) were mixed in dioxane (10 mL) and degassed for 10 minutesunder a stream of argon.[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride (32 mg)was added and the mixture was heated at 95° C. for 2 hours. At thispoint the mixture was allowed to cool and the mixture was partitionedbetween ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. A crude product wasobtained that was purified by silica gel chromatography withhexane/ethyl acetate 95/5 as eluting solvent to afford the product as awhite solid (1.02 g, 86%).

Step 6:(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester

In a pressure vessel, (R)-1-(phenyl)ethylN-[2-(4-bromophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]carbamate [example 47,step 4) (64 mg, 0.16 mmol) was dissolved in a 2:1 v/v mixture of tolueneand ethanol (2 mL) and treated with Na₂CO₃ (0.5 mL of a 2N aqueoussolution) and2-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester [Example 47, step 5] (52 mg, 0.17 mmol).The resulting mixture was degassed under argon for 15 minutes, and thentreated with tetrakis (triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(0) (1 mg, 0.006mmol). The vessel was capped and immersed in an oil bath at 80° C., withvigorous magnetic stirring overnight. This reaction was cooled to roomtemperature and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organiclayer was washed with water and brine. The combined aqueous layers wereback-extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers weredried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Thismaterial was purified by preparative TLC eluting with hexane/ethylacetate 1/1 v/v to give the product as a yellow film (10 mg, 13%).

Step 7:(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

(R)-1-[4-[4-[1,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester [example 47, step 6] (10 mg, 0.02 mmole) was dissolvedin THF (1 mL) and treated with LiOH (1 mL of a 2M aqueous solution). Theresulting mixture was stirred overnight and then refluxed for 5 hours.The reaction was cooled and transferred to a separatory funnel, dilutedwith water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer wasdiscarded and the aqueous layer was brought to pH 1 with a 0.1 N HClsolution when the product was extracted with ethyl acetate. This organiclayer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated invacuo. A residue was obtained which was triturated with dimethoxyethane.The solids were filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness to yielda residue that was purified by preparative TLC, eluting with ethylacetate/hexane 2/1 v/v. The product was obtained as a white solid (3 mg,28%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.12 min. MS (ESI) m/z 496.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 48:(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid Step 1:5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylicacid ethyl ester [example 47, step 2] (190 mg, 0.59 mmole), 1N sodiumhydroxide solution (5.9 mL) and dioxane (5.9 mL) was stirred at 100° C.for 1 hour. Upon cooling the mixture was acidified to pH 3-4 with 3Nhydrochloric acid solution and this was extracted with ethyl acetate.The organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to yield the product as a solid (170 mg, 98%).

Step 2: (R)-1-(phenyl)ethylN-[5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-yl]-carbamate

5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [example48, step 1](50 mg, 0.17 mmol) was used to prepare (R)-1-(phenyl)ethylN-[5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-yl]carbamate accordingto the procedure described for example 47, step 4 to afford the product(64 mg, 91%) that was used in the next step. HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt3.03 min. MS (ESI) m/z 416.5 [M+H⁺].

Step 3:(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]-phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester

In a pressure vessel, (R)-1-(phenyl)ethylN-[5-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-yl]carbamate [example48, step 2) (64 mg, 0.16 mmol) was used to prepare the product as an oil(32 mg, 41%) using a similar procedure to that described for example 47,step 6

Step 4:(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

(R)-1-[4-[4-[2,5-dimethyl-4-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-3-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropane carboxylic acid methyl ester[example 48, step 3] (32 mg, 0.06 mmole) was dissolved in THF (3 mL) andtreated with LiOH (3 mL of a 2M aqueous solution). The resulting mixturewas stirred overnight and then refluxed for 5 hours. The reaction wascooled and transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with water andextracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was discarded and theaqueous layer was brought to pH 1 with a 0.1 N HCl solution when theproduct was extracted with ethyl acetate. This organic layer was driedover anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. A residue wasobtained which was triturated with dimethoxyethane. The solids werefiltered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness to yield a residue thatwas purified by preparative TLC, eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane 2/1v/v. The product was obtained as a white solid (10 mg, 32%). HPLC (254nm): Method 3 Rt 2.92 min. MS (ESI) m/z 496.6 [M+H⁺].

Example 49:(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid Step 1: Ethyl (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-but-3-enoate

Ethyl pyruvate (5 g, 43.1 mmol) was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (86 mL) andtreated with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (5.73 mL, 43.1 mmol). Thereaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and concentrated invacuo. The crude was used as is in the next step. Yield=7.4 g.

Step 2: ethyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate

4-Bromophenyl hydrazine hydrochloride (2.0 g, 8.95 mmol) was dissolvedin MeOH (18 mL) and treated with crude ethyl(E)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-but-3-enoate [example 3, step (1.54 g, 9.0mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6hours. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residue was purifiedby chromatography on silica-gel, eluting with a 95:5 mixture ofhexanes/ethyl acetate v/v, increasing the polarity to 9:1 over time. Twoisomeric products were isolated: ethyl2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate as an orange solid (0.82 g, 2.78mmol, 31%) and ethyl 1-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate as a redsolid (0.44 g, 1.49 mmol, 17%).

Ethyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate: HPLC (254 nm): Method 2Rt 5.22 min. MS (ESI) m/z 297 [M+H⁺]; 294.8 [M+H⁺]; 252 [(M−EtO)+H⁺];250 [(M−EtO)+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.69 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H); 7.58(d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H); 7.32 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H); 7.03 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H); 4.26(q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H); 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).

Ethyl 1-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate: ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ7.91 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H); 7.65 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H); 7.60 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H);7.00 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H); 4.44 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H); 1.43 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 3H).

Step 3: 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethylester

Ethyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (1.08 g, 3.68 mmol) wasdissolved in acetonitrile (12 mL) and the resulting mixture was treatedwith glacial acetic acid (4.6 mL). To this solution,1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octanebis(tetrafluoroborate) (Selectfluor®, 3.91 g, 11.04 mmol) was added inone portion and the resulting mixture was heated to 105° C. for 18hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and the volatiles wereremoved in vacuo. The crude residue was loaded directly onto asilica-gel column and purified by elution with 95:5 mixture ofhexanes/ethyl acetate v/v, increasing the polarity to 9:1 over time. Theproduct was isolated as a white solid (410 mg, 1.31 mmol, 36%) andstarting material was recovered (272 mg, 0.93 mmol, 25%). For2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester:HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.97 min. MS (ESI) m/z 313.1 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR(500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.60 (s, 1H); 7.58 (d, J=9 Hz, 2H); 7.29 (d, J=9 Hz,2H); 4.30 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H); 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).

Step 4: 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid

A stirred solution of2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(410 mg, 1.31 mmol) in THF (13 mL) was treated with LiOH 1 N aqueoussolution (13 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The reaction was deemed complete by thin layerchromatography and HPLC/MS. The reaction mixture was partitioned betweenethyl acetate and 1 N aqueous HCl solution (100 mL v/v) and transferredto a separatory funnel. The organic layer was separated and the aqueouslayer was back-extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL). The combinedorganic layers were dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford the pure product as a white solid (347mg, 1.22 mmol, 93%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.82 min. MS (ESI) m/z285.1 [M+H⁺].

Step 5: (R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester

2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (347 mg, 1.22mmol) was suspended in toluene (12 mL) and treated with triethylamine(205 μL, 1.46 mmol). The resulting solution was treated withdiphenylphosphoryl azide (316 μL, 1.46 mmol) and heated to 65° C.(R)-1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethanol (230 mg, 1.46 mmol) was added to thereaction mixture and the temperature was increased to 105° C. for 30minutes, during which time vigorous gas evolution was observed. Thereaction was brought to 65° C. and stirred at that temperature for 4hours. The reaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. After cooling, thevolatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified bysilica gel chromatography, eluting with a hexanes/ethyl acetategradient. Product isolated as a white solid (452 mg, 1.03 mmol, 85%).HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.16 min. MS (ESI) m/z 440.1 [M+H⁺].

Step 6:(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

A stirred suspension of(R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (88 mg, 0.2 mmol), 2:1 v/vtoluene/ethanol (2 mL), 2 M aqueous solution of Na₂CO₃ (670 μL) and1-(4-borono-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (45 mg, 0.2mmol) was degassed under nitrogen for 10 minutes and treated withPd[Ph₃P]₄ (12 mg, 0.01 mmol). The resulting mixture was immersed in anoil bath with stirring at 90° C. for 12 hours. The reaction was cooled,transferred to a separatory funnel and diluted with ethyl acetate (50mL). The mixture was carefully treated with 1 N aqueous HCl solution (20mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residuewas purified by preparative TLC plate (1000 μm), eluting with a 1:1 v/vhexanes/ethyl acetate mixture. The product was obtained as a tan solid.Yield=35 mg (35%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.11 min. MS (ESI) m/z538.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 50:(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 49using (R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (Example 49, Step 5 (88 mg, 0.2 mmol),and 1-[4-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-fluorophenyl]-cyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid. Yield 40 mg (37%) as a light yellow solid. HPLC (254 nm): Method3, Rt 3.14 min. MS (ESI) m/z 538.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 51:(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 49using (R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (Example 49, Step 5 (88 mg, 0.2 mmol),and 1-[3-chloro-4-(dihydroxyboranyl)phenyl]-cyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid. Yield 24 mg (22%) as a light yellow solid. HPLC (254 nm): Method3, Rt 3.40 min. MS (ESI) m/z 554.4 [M+H⁺].

Example 52:(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 49using (R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (Example 49, Step 5 (88 mg, 0.2 mmol),and 1-[4-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-methylphenyl]cyclo-propane-1-carboxylicacid. Yield 36 mg (34%) as a light yellow solid. HPLC (254 nm): Method3, Rt 3.19 min. MS (ESI) m/z 534.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 53:(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 49using (R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-fluoro-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethyl ester (Example 49, Step 5 (88 mg, 0.2 mmol),and 4-(1-carboxycyclopropyl)phenylboronic acid, pinacol ester. Yield 9mg (9%) as a white solid. HPLC (254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.20 min. MS (ESI)m/z 520.0 [M+H⁺].

Example 54:(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid Step 1: 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-iodo-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidethyl ester

Ethyl 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (Example 49, Step 2, 294mg, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (3 mL) and treated dropwise withiodine monochloride (115 μL, 2.3 mmol). The resulting mixture was heatedto 50° C. for 3 hours. Another aliquot of iodine monochloride (120 μL)was added and heating continued for additional 3 hours. The reaction wasdeemed complete by HPLC/MS. After cooling to room temperature, thereaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (30 mL) and transferredto a separatory funnel. The organic layer was washed successively with 1N Na₂S₂O₃ aqueous (30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer wasseparated, washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo. The product[2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-iodo-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester]was obtained as a pale yellow solid (420 mg, quant.) and used as is inthe next step. HPLC (254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.33 min. MS (ESI) m/z 421.0,423.0 [M+H⁺].

Step 2: 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylicacid ethyl ester

2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-iodo-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (420mg, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (4 mL) and the resulting solution wasdegassed with nitrogen for 10 minutes. (1,10-Phenanthroline)(trifluoromethyl) copper (I) (Trifluoromethylator™, 520 mg, 1.5 mmol)was added in one portion under an inert atmosphere and the resultingmixture was stirred at 50° C. for 18 hours. The reaction was cooled toroom temperature and filtered through a pad of Celite and rinsedthoroughly with ethyl acetate. The filtrates were washed with 1 N HClaqueous, brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated invacuo. The crude product2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethylester was used as is in the next step (291 mg, 0.80 mmol, 80%). HPLC(254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.23 min. MS (ESI) m/z 365.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 3: 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylicacid

2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethylester (291 mg, 0.80 mmol) in THF (8 mL) was treated with LiOH 1 Naqueous solution (8 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 3 hours. The reaction was deemed complete by thin layerchromatography and HPLC/MS. The reaction mixture was partitioned betweenethyl acetate and 1 N aqueous HCl solution (100 mL v/v) and transferredto a separatory funnel. The organic layer was separated and the aqueouslayer was back-extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL). The combinedorganic layers were dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford the pure product as a white solid (268mg, 0.80 mmol, quant.). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.97 min. MS (ESI)m/z 335.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-phenyl-ethyl ester

2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (268mg, 0.80 mmol) was suspended in toluene (8 mL) and treated withtriethylamine (135 μL, 0.97 mmol). The resulting solution was treatedwith diphenylphosphoryl azide (209 μL, 0.97 mmol) and heated to 65° C.(R)-1-(phenyl)-ethanol (118 mg, 0.97 mmol) was added to the reactionmixture and the temperature was increased to 105° C. for 30 minutes,during which time vigorous gas evolution was observed. The reaction wasbrought to 65° C. and stirred at that temperature for 4 hours. Thereaction was deemed complete by HPLC/MS. After cooling, the volatileswere removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by silica gelchromatography, eluting with a hexanes/ethyl acetate gradient. Productisolated as a white solid (195 mg, 0.43 mmol, 54%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 3.23 min. MS (ESI) m/z 454.0, 456.1 [M+H⁺].

Step 5:(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

A stirred suspension of(R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-phenyl-ethyl ester (98 mg, 0.22 mmol), 2:1 v/v toluene/ethanol (2.2mL), 2 M aqueous solution of Na₂CO₃ (720 μL) and4-(1-carboxycyclopropyl)phenylboronic acid, pinacol ester (124 mg, 0.43mmol) was degassed under nitrogen for 10 minutes and treated withPd[Ph₃P]₄ (12 mg, 0.01 mmol). The resulting mixture was immersed in anoil bath with stirring at 95° C. for 3 hours. The reaction was cooled,transferred to a separatory funnel and diluted with ethyl acetate (50mL). The mixture was carefully treated with 1 N aqueous HCl solution (20mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residuewas purified by preparative TLC plate (1000 μm), eluting with a 1:1 v/vhexanes/ethyl acetate mixture. The product was obtained as a tan solid.Yield=6.8 mg (6%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.21 min. MS (ESI) m/z536.3 [M+H⁺].

Example 55:(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

The title compound was prepared in analogous fashion as in Example 54using(R)-[2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-phenyl-ethyl ester (Example 54, Step 4 (98 mg, 0.22 mmol) and1-[4-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid.Yield 7 mg (6%) as a white solid. HPLC (254 nm): Method 3, Rt 3.11 min.MS (ESI) m/z 554.4 [M+H⁺]

Example 56:(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid Step 1: 2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidethyl ester

2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester wasprepared in analogous fashion as in Example 49, Step 2 using(6-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-hydrazine hydrochloride (9.89 g, 48.68 mmol;prepared according to WO2005/92856A1) and ethyl(E)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-but-3-enoate (7.82 g, 45.68 mmol, Example49, Step 1). Yield=1.35 g (5.38 mmol, 12%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt2.87 min. MS (ESI) m/z 252.2 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.50 (d,J=3.0 Hz, 1H); 7.77 (dd, J₁=3.0 Hz, J₂=8.5 Hz, 1H); 7.74 (d, J=2.0 Hz,1H); 7.43 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H); 7.08 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H); 4.28 (q, J=7.5 Hz,2H); 1.30 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 3H).

Step 2: 2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acidhydrochloride salt

A stirred solution of 2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylicacid ethyl ester [Example 56, step 1] (1.35 g, 5.4 mmol) in THF/water8:2 v/v (35 mL) was treated with LiOH 1 N aqueous solution (6.5 mL) andthe resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Thereaction was deemed complete by thin layer chromatography and HPLC/MS.The reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 mL) and washed withdichloromethane (60 mL). The aqueous layer was acidified with 1 Naqueous HCl solution to pH 2 resulting in a white suspension. The solidswere filtered, rinsed with water and air-dried to afford the titlecompound as a white solid. Yield=0.90 g (3.46 mmol, 64%). HPLC (254 nm):Method 3 Rt 2.65 min. MS (ESI) m/z 224.3 [M+H⁺].

Step 3: (R)-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-phenyl-ethyl ester

2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloridesalt [Example 56, step 2](0.90 g, 4.03 mmol) was suspended in toluene(27 mL) and treated with di-isoproprylethylamine (1.28 mL, 8.86 mmol).The resulting solution was treated with diphenylphosphoryl azide (855μL, 4.83 mmol) and heated to 65° C. (R)-1-(phenyl)-ethanol (600 μL, 6.03mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and the temperature wasincreased to 105° C. for 30 minutes, during which time vigorous gasevolution was observed. The reaction was brought to 65° C. and stirredat that temperature for 4 hours. The reaction was deemed complete byHPLC/MS. After cooling, volatiles were removed in vacuo and the cruderesidue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with ahexanes/ethyl acetate gradient. Product isolated as a white solid.Yield=0.60 g (1.75 mmol, 44%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 3.05 min. MS(ESI) m/z 343.2 [M+H⁺].

Step 4:(R)-1-(4-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester

A stirred suspension of(R)-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-carbamic acid1-phenyl-ethyl ester [Example 56, step 3] (240 mg, 0.70 mmol) in 2:1 v/vtoluene/ethanol (7 mL), 2 M aqueous solution of Na₂CO₃ (1.5 mL) and1-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-phenyl]-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester (260 mg, 0.84 mmol) was degassed under nitrogen for 10minutes and treated with Pd[Ph₃P]₄ (42 mg, 0.036 mmol). The resultingmixture was immersed in an oil bath with stirring at 90° C. for 15hours. The reaction was cooled, transferred to a separatory funnel anddiluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL). The mixture was carefully treatedwith 1 N aqueous HCl solution (20 mL). The organic layer was separated,washed with brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentratedin vacuo. The crude residue was purified by silica gel chromatography,eluting with a 0-30% hexanes/ethyl acetate gradient of increasingpolarity. The product was obtained as a tan solid. Yield=136 mg (0.28mmol, 40%). HPLC (254 nm): Method 3 Rt 2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 483.4[M+H⁺].

Step 6:(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid

A solution of(R)-1-(4-{5-[4-Methyl-5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester (136 mg, 0.28 mmol) in a 2:1 v/v mixture of THF/water(3 mL) was treated with a 1 N LiOH aqueous solution (420 μL) and stirredat ambient temperature for 16 hours. The reaction was brought to pH 1 byaddition of a 1 N HCl aqueous solution. The mixture was extracted withEtOAc and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over anhydrousNa₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The product was obtained asan off white solid Prepared in analogous fashion as in Example M1, Step6 using the following reagents and amounts:(R)-1-(4-{5-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-pyrazol-1-yl]-pyridin-2-yl}-phenyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid methyl ester (136 mg, 0.28 mmol), THF/water 2:1 v/v (3 mL), 1 Naqueous LiOH solution (420 μL). Yield=15 mg (0.032 mmol, 11%). HPLC (254nm): Method 3 Rt 2.93 min. MS (ESI) m/z 483.3 [M+H⁺].

Compounds 57-458 of Table 1 and derivatives thereof are prepared fromthe according to procedures outlined for compounds 1-56. Theheterocyclic amines or esters required to assemble the correspondingcarbamates were prepared based on methods described in citations 1-24.

Certain isoxazole substitutions are prepared following construction ofthe appropriate aryl isoxazole (3, Scheme 1). Direct fluorination orbromination and cyanation provides arylbromide (4) or acid (5) afterpalladium catalyzed carbonylation.

Acid (5, scheme 2) may be directly coupled with amines to afford amideintermediates (6) which may be converted to the carbamate products (7)following acid hydrolysis, Curtius rearrangement and deprotection withacid.

The acid (5) may be reduced to alcohol (8) and/or converted to itschloride (9) as in scheme 3. Alcohols may be converted to their etheranalogs (10) by rhodium catalyzed insertion into diazo intermediates₂N⁺-z-R^(B), or the amines (11) may be generated from chlorides (IX)

Alternatively the bromides (4) may be directly coupled to alcohols oramines (UV—Z—R^(B)) whereby U is —OH or —NH2 by thermal or metalcatalyzed halide displacement as in scheme 4. All key intermediates(10-12) may be further modified to produce final products as describedin scheme 1 using acid hydrolysis, Curtius rearrangement followed byacid deprotection

Example 57. Receptor Binding Assays

Binding affinity of compounds of Formula I-XII were determined based ontheir ability to displace tritiated lysophosphatidic acid ([³H]-LPA)from CHO cells expressing LPA1R in a protocol similar to that describedin reference 17. In a 96 well format, CHO cells expressing human LPA1R[Cerep] were treated with [³H]-LPA (2 nM). Test compounds were added inincreasing concentration to each well and incubated at room temperaturefor 90 minutes. At this time the plates were washed and the wellscounted for radioactivity. Results were compared to a control in whichcells were treated with [³H]-LPA in the presence of 10 μM unlabeled LPA.The specific ligand binding to the receptors was defined as thedifference between the total binding and the nonspecific bindingdetermined in the presence of an excess of unlabelled ligand. Theresults were expressed as a percent of control specific binding((measured specific binding/control specific binding)×100) and as apercent inhibition of control specific binding (100−((measured specificbinding/control specific binding)×100)) obtained in the presence of thetest compounds. The IC₅₀ value (concentration causing a half-maximalinhibition of control specific binding) and Hill coefficient (nH) weredetermined by non-linear regression analysis of the competition curvegenerated with mean replicate values using Hill equation curve fitting(Y=D+[(A−D)/(1+(C/C50)nH)], where Y=specific binding, D=minimum specificbinding, A=maximum specific binding, C=compound concentration, C50=IC50,and nH=slope factor). This analysis was performed using a softwaredeveloped at Cerep (Hill software) and validated by comparison with datagenerated by the commercial software SigmaPlot® 4.0 for Windows® (© 1997by SPSS Inc.). The inhibition constant (Ki) was calculated using theCheng Prusoff equation (Ki=IC50/(1+(L/KD)), where L=concentration ofradioligand in the assay, and KD=affinity of the radioligand for thereceptor). A scatchard plot was used to determine the Kd.

Example 58. Calcium Flux Assay

Inhibition of LPA-stimulated Ca²⁺ flux was used to assess compoundpotency using FLIPR technology in a 96 well plate format. The assaybuffer used was a modified Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) whereHBSS was supplemented to contain 20 mM HEPES and 2.5 mM Probenecid atpH7.4 (Millipore, GPCR Profiler®). LPA1R expressing cells (Millipore)were plated and prepared 24 hours prior to assay of test articles. Ca²⁺ion flux was assessed from fluorescence of a Fluo-based No Wash Ca²⁺dye. Antagonist data are generated from plates with LPA concentrationssufficient to generate 80% efficacy [EC₈₀]. Percentage inhibition wascalculated from a reduction of efficacy according to concentration ofcompounds of Formula I-VI. For dose responses the inhibition data wasused to calculate compound IC₅₀.

The agonist assay was conducted on a FLIPR^(TETRA) instrument where thetest compound(s), vehicle controls, and reference agonist were added tothe assay plate after a fluorescence baseline was established. Theagonist assay was a total of 180 seconds and was used to assess eachcompound's ability to activate each GPCR assayed. Upon completion of theagonist assay, the assay plate was removed from the FLIPR^(TETRA) andincubated at 25° C. for seven (7) minutes. After the incubation period,the assay plate was placed back in the FLIPR^(TETRA) and the antagonistassay was initiated.

Antagonist Assay:

Using EC₀ potency values determined during the agonist assay, allpre-incubated sample compound wells were challenged with EC₈₀concentration of reference agonist after establishment of a fluorescencebaseline. The antagonist assay was conducted using the same assay platethat was used for the agonist assay. The antagonist assay was conductedon a FLIPR^(TETRA) instrument where 9 vehicle controls and EC₈₀concentration of reference agonist were added to appropriate wells. Theantagonist assay was a total of 180 seconds and was used to assess eachcompound's ability to inhibit each GPCR assayed.

Data Processing:

All assay plate data were subjected to appropriate baseline corrections.After baseline corrections were applied, maximum fluorescence valueswere exported and data processed to calculate percentage activation(relative to Emax reference agonist and vehicle control values),percentage inhibition (relative to EC80 and vehicle control values), andadditional statistical values (i.e. Z′, percentage variation betweenreplicate data values) to assess the quality of each plate. Where assayplate data were rejected, additional experiments were conducted. Alldose response curves were generated using GraphPad Prism. The curveswere fit by utilizing “Sigmoidal Dose Response (Variable Slope)”equation where the bottom parameter was fixed to “0.” Where appropriate,the top parameter was fixed to “100” to better predict potency valueswhen a full curve was not generated by the concentrations assayed.

Antagonist activity data for representative compounds prepared accordingto the synthetic methods disclosed herein are presented in Table 2.

TABLE 2 In vitro biological data for representative compounds of FormulaI-XII Unless otherwise noted, compounds that were tested had an IC₅₀ ofless than 50 μM in the LPA1R Ca²⁺ flux functional assay. LPA1R ExampleAntagonist Number Activity 1 C 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 D 11 D12 D 13 D 14 D 15 D 16 D 17 A 18 D 19 D 20 A 21 A 22 A 23 A 24 A 25 A 26A 27 A 28 A 29 C 30 D 30 C 31 A 31 A 32 A 33 A 34 A 35 A 36 A 37 A 38 A39 A 40 A 41 A 42 A 43 B 44 A 45 A 46 C 47 B 48 C 49 A 50 A 51 A 52 A 53A 54 B 55 B 56 A

Unless otherwise noted, compounds that were tested had an IC₅₀ of lessthan 50 μM in the LPA1R Ca²⁺ flux functional assay. A=less than 0.3 μM;B=greater than 0.3 μM and less than 1 μM; C=greater than 1 μM and lessthan 50 μM; D=greater than 50 μM

CITATIONS

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1-16. (canceled)
 17. A method for treatment of a lysophosphatidicacid-dependent disease or condition in a subject in need thereof, themethod comprising: administering to the subject a therapeuticallyeffective amount of a compound having the structure of Formula I

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein R^(A)is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂, —C(═O)NHR^(B),—C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B), or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylic acid isostereselected from the group consisting of

wherein R^(B) is —H or —C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of one of:

L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene; L²is absent; Ring B has the structure of:

and is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring B is substituted then RingB is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H), whereinA¹, A², and A³ are independently N or C; Ring A is a 5 memberedheteroarene selected from one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B, wherein R^(C) is —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, or C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)N(R^(F))CH(R^(G))X—CY, or —C(═O)—N(R^(F))C(R^(G))₂X—CY, wherein Xis absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—; R^(E) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is independently selectedfrom R^(E), or one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken together with CYand the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), when present, is asdefined for R^(E); CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein when CY issubstituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H); wherein each R^(H) is independently selected from —H,halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J),—N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J),—C(═O)OR^(J), —OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J),—N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl, wherein each R^(u) isindependently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl); wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedcycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl),or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or whenR^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂or N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl, which aretaken together with the N atom to which they are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle; and Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylene, orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring C issubstituted then Ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined.
 18. The methodaccording to claim 17, wherein the compound is selected from:2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,1-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,1-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{3-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}tolyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(p-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}phenyl)tolyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-3-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid, and1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.
 19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the compound is(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.
 20. The method according to claim 17, wherein the compound is1-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.
 21. The method according to claim 17, wherein the lysophosphatidicacid-dependent disease or condition is liver fibrosis.
 22. The methodaccording to claim 17, wherein the lysophosphatidic acid-dependentdisease or condition is nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
 23. Themethod according to claim 22, further comprising: coadministering to thesubject a therapeutically active agent selected from the groupconsisting of pioglitazone, lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin,fluvastatin, atorvastatin, nisvastatin, rosuvastatin, and chemokinereceptor antagonists.
 24. The method according to claim 17, wherein thelysophosphatidic acid-dependent disease or condition is nephropathy. 25.The method according to claim 17, wherein the lysophosphatidicacid-dependent disease or condition is diabetic nephropathy.
 26. Themethod according to claim 25, further comprising: coadministering to thesubject a therapeutically active agent selected from the groupconsisting of losartan, valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan,olmesartan, enalapril, mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, ketotifen,olopatadine, and rupatadine.
 27. A method for treatment of alysophosphatidic acid-dependent disease or condition in a subject inneed thereof, the method comprising: administering to the subject atherapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical compositioncomprising an active compound and a pharmaceutically acceptableexcipient, the active compound having the structure of Formula I

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein R^(A)is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂, —C(═O)NHR^(B),—C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B), or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylic acid isostereselected from the group consisting of

wherein R^(B) is —H or —C₁-C₄ alkyl or has the structure of one of:

L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene; L²is absent; Ring B has the structure of:

and is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring B is substituted then RingB is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H), whereinA¹, A², and A³ are independently N or C; Ring A is a 5 memberedheteroarene selected from one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B, wherein R^(C) is —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, or C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)N(R^(F))CH(R^(G))X—CY, or —C(═O)—N(R^(F))C(R^(G))₂X—CY, wherein Xis absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—; R^(E) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is independently selectedfrom R^(E), or one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken together with CYand the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), when present, is asdefined for R^(E); CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein when CY issubstituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H); wherein each R^(H) is independently selected from —H,halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J),—N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J),—C(═O)OR^(J), —OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J),—N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl, wherein each R^(J) isindependently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl); wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedcycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl),or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or whenR^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂or N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl, which aretaken together with the N atom to which they are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle; and Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylene, orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring C issubstituted then Ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined.
 28. The methodaccording to claim 27, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprisesone or two active compounds having the structure of Formula I.
 29. Themethod according to claim 27, wherein the pharmaceutical composition isa solid formulation selected from the group consisting of a tablet, acapsule, a caplet, and a gelcap, and the administering is performedorally.
 30. The method according to claim 27, wherein the pharmaceuticalcomposition is a liquid formulation selected from the group consistingof a syrup, a gel, and an ointment, and the administering is performedparenterally or enterally.
 31. The method according to claim 27, furthercomprising: coadministering to the subject a therapeutically activeagent selected from the group consisting of corticosteroids,immunosuppressants, analgesics, anti-cancer agents, anti-inflammatories,chemokine receptor antagonists, bronchodilators, leukotriene receptorantagonists, leukotriene formation inhibitors, platelet activatingfactor receptor antagonists, monoacylglycerol kinase inhibitors,phospholipase A1 inhibitors, phospholipase A2 inhibitors, andlysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) inhibitors, autotaxin inhibitors,decongestants, mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, mucolytics,anticholinergics, antitussives, expectorants, β-2 agonists, andcombinations thereof.
 32. The method according to claim 27, furthercomprising: coadministering to the subject a therapeutic agent selectedfrom the group consisting of gossypol, genasense, polyphenol E,Chlorofusin, all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), bryostatin, tumor necrosisfactor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL),5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, all trans retinoic acid, doxorubicin,vincristine, etoposide, gemcitabine, imatinib, geldanamycin,17-N-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), flavopiridol,LY294002, bortezomib, trastuzumab, BAY 11-7082, PKC412, or PD 184352,paclitaxel, and analogs of Taxol, such as Taxotere, U0126, PD98059,PD184352, PD0325901, ARRY-142886, SB239063, SP600 125, BAY 43-9006,wortmannin, or LY294002, Adriamycin, Dactinomycin, Bleomycin,Vinblastine, Cisplatin, acivicin; aclarubicin; acodazole hydrochloride;acronine; adozelesin; aldesleukin; altretamine; ambomycin; ametantroneacetate; amino glutethimide; amsacrine; anastrozole; anthramycin;asparaginase; asperlin; azacitidine; azetepa; azotomycin; batimastat;benzodepa; bicalutamide; bisantrene hydrochloride; bisnafide dimesylate;bizelesin; bleomycin sulfate; brequinar sodium; bropirimine; busulfan;cactinomycin; calusterone; caracemide; carbetimer; carboplatin;carmustine; carubicin hydrochloride; carzelesin; cedefingol;chlorambucil; cirolemycin; cladribine; crisnatol mesylate;cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; dacarbazine; daunorubicin hydrochloride;decitabine; dexormaplatin; deazaguanine; deazaguanine mesylate;diaziquone; doxorubicin; doxorubicin hydrochloride; droloxifene;droloxifene citrate; dromostanolone propionate; duazomycin; edatrexate;eflornithine hydrochloride; elsamitrucin; enloplatin; enpromate;epipropidine; epirubicin hydrochloride; erbulozole; esorubicinhydrochloride; estramustine; estramustine phosphate sodium; etanidazole;etoposide; etoposide phosphate; etoprine; fadrozole hydrochloride;fazarabine; fenretinide; floxuridine; fludarabine phosphate;fluorouracil; flurocitabine; fosquidone; fostriecin sodium; gemcitabine;gemcitabine hydrochloride; hydroxyurea; idarubicin hydrochloride;ifosfamide; iimofosine; interleukin II, interferon alfa-2a; interferonalfa-2b; interferon alfa-n1; interferon alfa-n3; interferon beta-I a;interferon gamma-I b; iproplatin; irinotecan hydrochloride; lanreotideacetate; letrozole; leuprolide acetate; liarozole hydrochloride;lometrexol sodium; lomustine; losoxantrone hydrochloride; masoprocol;maytansine; mechlorethamine hydrochloride; megestrol acetate;melengestrol acetate; melphalan; menogaril; mercaptopurine;methotrexate; methotrexate sodium; metoprine; meturedepa; mitindomide;mitocarcin; mitocromin; mitogillin; mitomalcin; mitomycin; mitosper;mitotane; mitoxantrone hydrochloride; mycophenolic acid; nocodazoie;nogalamycin; ormaplatin; oxisuran; pegaspargase; peliomycin;pentamustine; peplomycin sulfate; perfosfamide; pipobroman; piposulfan;piroxantrone hydrochloride; plicamycin; plomestane; porfimer sodium;porfiromycin; prednimustine; procarbazine hydrochloride; puromycin;puromycin hydrochloride; pyrazofurin; riboprine; rogletimide; safingol;safingol hydrochloride; semustine; simtrazene; sparfosate sodium;sparsomycin; spiro germanium hydrochloride; spiromustine; spiroplatin;streptonigrin; streptozotocin; sulofenur; talisomycin; tecogalan sodium;tegafur; teloxantrone hydrochloride; temoporfm; teniposide; teroxirone;testolactone; thiamiprine; thioguanine; thiotepa; tiazofurin;tirapazamine; toremifene citrate; trestolone acetate; triciribinephosphate; trimetrexate; trimetrexate glucuronate; triptorelin;tubulozole hydrochloride; uracil mustard; uredepa; vapreotide;verteporfin; vinblastine sulfate; vincristine sulfate; vindesine;vindesine sulfate; vinepidine sulfate; vinglycinate sulfate;vinleurosine sulfate; vinorelbine tartrate; vinrosidine sulfate;vinzolidine sulfate; vorozole; zeniplatin; zinostatin; zorubicinhydrochloride, mechloroethamine, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil,meiphalan, ethylenimine, hexamethlymelamine, thiotepa, busulfan,carmustine, lomusitne, semustine, streptozocin, ortriazenes,dacarbazine, methotrexate, fluorouracil, floxouridine, Cytarabine,mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin, hydroxyprogesterone caproate,megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, estrogens,diethlystilbestrol, ethinyl estradiol, tamoxifen, testosteronepropionate, fluoxymesterone, flutamide, leuprolide, cisplatin,carboblatin, mitoxantrone, procarbazine, mitotane, amino glutethimide,Erbulozole, Dolastatin 10, Mivobulin isethionate, Vincristine,NSC-639829, Discodermolide, ABT-751, Altorhyrtin A and Altorhyrtin C,Spongistatins 1-9, Cemadotin hydrochloride, Epothilone A, Epothilone B,Epothilone C, Epothilone D, Epothilone E, Epothilone F, Epothilone BN-oxide, Epothilone AN-oxide, 16-aza-epothilone B, 21 aminoepothilone B,21-hydroxyepothilone D, 26-fluoroepothilone, Auristatin PE, Soblidotin,Cryptophycin 52, Vitilevuamide, Tubulysin A, Canadensol, Centaureidin,Oncocidin Al Fijianolide B, Laulimalide, Narcosine, Nascapine,Hemiasterlin, Vanadocene acetylacetonate, Indanocine Eleutherobins (suchas Desmethyleleutherobin, Desacetyleleutherobin, Isoeleutherobin A, andZ-Eleutherobin), Caribaeoside, Caribaeolin, Halichondrin B, DiazonamideA, Taccalonolide A, Diozostatin, (−)-Phenylahistin, Myoseverin B,Resverastatin phosphate sodium, Aprepitant, cannabis, marinol,dronabinol, erythropoetin-α, Filgrastim, rituximab, natalizumab,cyclophosphamide, penicillamine, cyclosporine, nitrosoureas, cisplatin,carboplatin, oxaliplatin, methotrexate, azathioprine, mercaptopurine,pyrimidine analogues, protein synthesis inhibitors, dactinomycin,anthracyclines, mitomycin C, bleomycin, mithramycin, Atgam®Thymoglobuline®, OKT3®, basiliximab, daclizumab, cyclosporin,tacrolimus, sirolimus, Interferons, opioids, infliximab, etanercept,adalimumab, golimumab, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquinine,minocycline, rapamicin, mycophenolic acid, mycophenolate mofetil,FTY720, Cyclosporin A (CsA) or tacrolimus (FK506), aspirin, salicylicacid, gentisic acid, choline magnesium salicylate, choline salicylate,choline magnesium salicylate, choline salicylate, magnesium salicylate,sodium salicylate, diflunisal, carprofen, fenoprofen, fenoprofencalcium, flurobiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, nabutone, ketolorac,ketorolac tromethamine, naproxen, oxaprozin, diclofenac, etodolac,indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin, meclofenamate, meclofenamate sodium,mefenamic acid, piroxicam, meloxicam, valdecoxib, parecoxib, etoricoxib,lumiracoxib, betamethasone, prednisone, alclometasone, aldosterone,amcinonide, beclometasone, betamethasone, budesonide, ciclesonide,clobetasol, clobetasone, clocortolone, cloprednol, cortisone,cortivazol, deflazacort, deoxycorticosterone, desonide, desoximetasone,desoxycortone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, diflucortolone,difluprednate, fluclorolone, fludrocortisone, fludroxycortide,flumetasone, flunisolide, fluocinolone acetonide, fluocinonide,fluocortin, fluocortolone, fluorometholone, fluperolone, fluprednidene,fluticasone, formocortal, halcinonide, halometasone,hydrocortisone/cortisol, hydrocortisone aceponate, hydrocortisonebuteprate, hydrocortisone butyrate, loteprednol, medrysone,meprednisone, methylprednisolone, methylprednisolone aceponate,mometasone furoate, paramethasone, prednicarbate,prednisone/prednisolone, rimexolone, tixocortol, triamcinolone,ulobetasol, pioglitazone, clofibrate, fenofibrate gemfibrozil, folicacid, isbogrel, ozagrel, ridogrel, dazoxiben, lovastatin, simvastatin,pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, nisvastatin, and rosuvastatin,edaravone, vitamin C, citicoline and minicycline, (2R)-2-propyloctanoicacid, propranolol, nadolol, timolol, pindolol, labetalol, metoprolol,atenolol, esmolol and acebutolol, memantine, traxoprodil, tirofibanlamifiban, argatroban, enalapril, cyclandelate, losartan, valsartan,candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan, olmesartan mepyramine pyrilamine,antazoline, diphenhydramine, carbinoxamine, doxylamine, clemastine,dimenhydrinate, pheniramine, chlorphenamine chlorpheniramine,dexchlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, triprolidine, cetirizine,cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, meclizine, loratadine,desloratidine, promethazine, alimemazine, trimeprazine, cyproheptadine,azatadine, ketotifen, acrivastine, astemizole, cetirizine, mizolastine,terfenadine, azelastine, epinastine, levocabastine, olopatadine,levocetirizine, fexofenadine, rupatadine, bepotastine, mucolytics,anticholinergics, antitussives, analgesics, expectorants, albuterol,ephedrine, epinephrine, fomoterol, metaproterenol, terbutaline,budesonide, ciclesonide, dexamethasone, flunisolide, fluticasonepropionate, triamcinolone acetonide, ipratropium bromide,pseudoephedrine, theophylline, montelukast, pranlukast, tomelukast,zafirlukast, ambrisentan, bosentan, enrasentan, sitaxsentan, tezosentan,iloprost, treprostinil, pirfenidone, epinephrine, isoproterenol,orciprenaline, xanthines, zileuton, and combinations thereof.
 33. Themethod according to claim 27, wherein the lysophosphatidicacid-dependent disease or condition is fibrosis, liver disease, acutehepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, portalhypertension, regenerative failure, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),liver hypofunction, hepatic blood flow disorder, cell proliferativedisease, cancer, inflammatory disease, psoriasis, nephropathy, diabeticnephropathy, pneumonia, gastrointestinal tract disease, irritable bowelsyndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), abnormal pancreaticsecretion, renal disease, urinary tract-associated disease, benignprostatic hyperplasia, symptoms associated with neuropathic bladderdisease, spinal cord tumor, hernia of intervertebral disk, spinal canalstenosis, symptoms derived from diabetes, lower urinary tract disease,inflammatory disease of lower urinary tract, dysuria, frequenturination, pancreas disease, abnormal angiogenesis-associated disease,arterial obstruction, scleroderma, brain-associated disease, cerebralinfarction, cerebral hemorrhage, nervous system diseases, neuropathicpain, peripheral neuropathy, pruritus, ocular disease, age-relatedmacular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, proliferativevitreo-retinopathy (PVR), cicatricial pemphigoid, or glaucoma filtrationsurgery scarring.
 34. The method according to claim 27, wherein thelysophosphatidic acid-dependent disease or condition is liver fibrosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, nephropathy, or diabetic nephropathy. 35.The method according to claim 27, wherein the active compound comprisesat least one of(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid, and1-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.
 36. A method for reducing signal transduction through alysophosphatidic acid receptor (LPAR), the method comprising: contactingthe LPAR with a compound having the structure of Formula I

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein R^(A)is —CO₂H, —CO₂R^(B), —CN, tetrazolyl, —C(═O)NH₂, —C(═O)NHR^(B),—C(═O)NHSO₂R^(B), or —C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂SO₃H or a carboxylic acid isostereselected from the group consisting of

wherein R^(B) is —H or —C₁-C₄ alkyl, or has the structure of one of:

L¹ is absent or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkylene, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkylene; L²is absent; Ring B has the structure of:

and is substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or substituted orunsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring B is substituted then RingB is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected R^(H), whereinA¹, A², and A³ are independently N or C; Ring A is a 5 memberedheteroarene selected from one of:

wherein the dashed line indicates the point of attachment of Ring A toRing B, wherein R^(C) is —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OC₁-C₄ alkyl, or C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; and R^(D) is —N(R^(F))—C(═O)XCH(R^(G))—CY,—N(R^(F))C(═O)XC(R^(G))₂—CY, —N(R^(F))C(═O)X—CY,—C(═O)N(R^(F))CH(R^(G))X—CY, or —C(═O)—N(R^(F))C(R^(G))₂X—CY, wherein Xis absent, —O—, —NH— or —CH₂—; R^(E) is —H, —C₁-C₄ alkyl or —C₁-C₄fluoroalkyl; R^(F) is —H or C₁-C₄ alkyl; R^(G) is independently selectedfrom R^(E), or one R^(G) is C₁-C₄ alkyl and is taken together with CYand the carbon atom to which R^(G) and CY are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or a substituted orunsubstituted heterocycle, and the other R^(G), when present, is asdefined for R^(E); CY is substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl,substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedaryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, wherein when CY issubstituted then CY is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H); wherein each R^(H) is independently selected from —H,halogen, —CN, —NO₂, —OH, —OR^(J), —SR^(J), —S(═O)R^(J), —S(═O)₂R^(J),—N(R^(J))S(═O)₂R^(J), —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)R^(J), OC(═O)R^(J),—C(═O)OR^(J), —OC(═O)OR^(J), —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂,—OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(J))C(═O)R^(J),—N(R^(J))C(═O)OR^(J), C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁-C₄fluoroalkoxy, C₁-C₄ alkoxy, and C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl, wherein each R^(u) isindependently substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆fluoroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl,substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted heterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted orunsubstituted aryl), or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheteroaryl); wherein each R^(L) is independently —H, substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆ fluoroalkyl, substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted orunsubstituted heteroaryl, —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedcycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl), —C₁-C₄ alkylene(substituted or unsubstituted aryl),or —C₁-C₄ alkylene-(substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl), or whenR^(H) is —S(═O)₂N(R^(L))₂, —N(R^(L))₂, —C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, —OC(═O)N(R^(L))₂or N(R^(J))C(═O)N(R^(L))₂, each R^(L) is independently —H or C₁-C₆alkyl, or the R^(L) groups independently are C₁-C₆ alkyl, which aretaken together with the N atom to which they are attached to define asubstituted or unsubstituted heterocycle; and Ring C is substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted arylene, orsubstituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene, where when Ring C issubstituted then Ring C is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independentlyselected R^(H), wherein R^(H) is as previously defined.
 37. The methodaccording to claim 36, wherein the compound is selected from:2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-(4′-{5-[1-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-pyrazol-1-yl}-biphenyl-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{4′-[5-(1-Phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,(R)-1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[5-(1-phenyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-biphenyl-4-yl}-cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]aceticacid,1-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,2-[4-[4-[4-cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,2-[4-[4-[5-[1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-propanoicacid,1-{4′-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{3-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-3-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-{2-Fluoro-4′-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-biphenylyl}cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4′-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Chloro-4′-{5-[1-(o-chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-4-biphenylyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{p-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl}tolyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(p-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}phenyl)tolyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(2-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(3-Fluoro-4-{5-[4-fluoro-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(p-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[p-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-2-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid,1-(4-{5-[4-Cyano-5-(1-phenylethoxycarbonylamino)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-pyridyl}-3-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylicacid, and1-[4-(5-{5-[1-(o-Chlorophenyl)ethoxycarbonylamino]-4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}-2-pyridyl)-3-fluorophenyl]cyclopropanecarboxylicacid.
 38. The method according to claim 36, wherein the LPAR is in asubject having a lysophosphatidic acid-dependent disease.